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Sacks, Oliver
Category: Scientist
Oliver Sacks, MD, FRCP, CBE (9 July 1933 – 30 August 2015), was a British neurologist. He was the author of several bestselling books, including several collections of case studies of people with neurological disorders. His descriptions of people coping with and adapting to neurological conditions or injuries seek to help explain the ways in which the normal brain deals with perception and memory.
Sacks describes his cases by concentrating on the experiences of the patient (in the case of his A Leg to Stand On, the patient was himself). In his books, he has described cases of Tourette syndrome and various effects of Parkinson's disease. The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat is about a man with visual agnosia. An Anthropologist on Mars, which won a Polk Award for magazine reporting, is about Temple Grandin, a professor with high-functioning autism.
In The Island of the Colorblind, Sacks describes the Chamorro people of Guam, who have a high incidence of a neurodegenerative disease known as Lytico-bodig (a devastating combination of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALS, dementia, and parkinsonism).
Sacks was the youngest of four children born to a North London Jewish couple: Samuel Sacks, a physician, and Muriel Elsie Landau, one of the first female surgeons in England.
He entered The Queen's College, Oxford University in 1951, from which he received a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in physiology and biology in 1954. He then went on to earn a Master of Arts (MA) and a BM BCh, thereby qualifying to practice medicine. After converting his British qualifications to American recognition (i.e., an MD as opposed to BM BCh), Sacks moved to New York, where he lived and practiced neurology.
Sacks began consulting at chronic care facility Beth Abraham Hospital (now Beth Abraham Health Services) in 1966. At Beth Abraham, Sacks worked with a group of survivors of the 1920s sleeping sickness, encephalitis lethargica, who had been unable to move on their own for decades. These patients and his treatment of them were the basis of Sacks' 1973 book Awakenings which describes his experiences using the new drug L-Dopa. The book was adapted into an Academy Award-nominated film of the same name in 1990 starring Robin Williams and Robert De Niro. Awakenings was also the subject of the first documentary made (in 1974) for the British television series Discovery.
Sacks served as an instructor and later clinical professor of neurology at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine from 1966 to 2007, and also held an appointment at New York University Medical School from 1999 to 2007.
In July 2007, Sacks joined the faculty of Columbia University Medical Center as a professor of neurology and psychiatry. At the same time, he was appointed Columbia University's first Columbia University Artist at the university's Morningside campus, recognizing the role of his work in bridging the arts and sciences.
From 1966, Sacks served as a neurological consultant to various nursing homes in New York City run by the Little Sisters of the Poor, and from 1966 to 1991, he was a consulting neurologist at Bronx State Hospital.
Sacks' work at Beth Abraham helped provide the foundation on which the Institute for Music and Neurologic Function (IMNF) is built; Sacks was its honorary medical advisor. In 2000, IMNF honored Sacks with its first Music Has Power Award. The IMNF again bestowed a Music Has Power Award on Sacks in 2006 to commemorate "his 40 years at Beth Abraham and honor his outstanding contributions in support of music therapy and the effect of music on the human brain and mind".
Sacks also served on the boards of the Neurosciences Research Foundation and the New York Botanical Garden.
References
- Hallucinations
- The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat (1985)
- Seeing Voices: A Journey into the Land of the Deaf(1989).
- Migraine (1970)
- Awakenings (1973)
- A Leg to Stand On (1984) (Sacks' own experience of losing the control of one of his legs after an accident)
- An Anthropologist on Mars (1995)
- The Island of the Colorblind (1997) (total congenital color blindness in an island society)
- Uncle Tungsten: Memories of a Chemical Boyhood (2001)
- Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain (2007)
- "The Mind's Eye (Oliver Sacks)" (positive experiences of blind people)—published in The Best American Essays 2004, Ed. Robert Atwan
Note that there are some observations that are those of Dr Sacks himself - in other words he himself had a spiritual experience, and there are other observations from his books that have been grouped under his name for convenience, even though the experiences are not his. His experiences are grouped under 'Sacks, Oliver', whilst the others are grouped under 'Oliver Sacks' to help in differentiation.
Observations
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- Oliver Sacks - A 3D Taj Mahal
- Oliver Sacks - A choir of angels
- Oliver Sacks - Annie M and the Geometric drawings
- Oliver Sacks - Bedtime patterns
- Oliver Sacks - Bhagawandi P
- Oliver Sacks - Bing Crosby and White Christmas
- Oliver Sacks - Blind Rosalee sees Arabs on stairs
- Oliver Sacks - Brain damage
- Oliver Sacks - Bus conductor and angelic voices
- Oliver Sacks - Centipedes crawling over the ceiling
- Oliver Sacks - Christina sees a wild eyed man
- Oliver Sacks - Congenitally deaf and the music of the universe
- Oliver Sacks - Contact with guardian angel
- Oliver Sacks - Donald Fish has scary hallucinations
- Oliver Sacks - Emerging from a manhole
- Oliver Sacks - Glaucoma damage
- Oliver Sacks - Growing and shrinking during chicken pox
- Oliver Sacks - Healing using music
- Oliver Sacks - Herpes simplex damage
- Oliver Sacks - L-DOPA, Parkinson's, Tourette's and mania
- Oliver Sacks - Little Devils on a bicycle
- Oliver Sacks - Man suffering acute sense of loss
- Oliver Sacks - Marvin
- Oliver Sacks - Mental radio
- Oliver Sacks - Mrs O' C and the crystal radio
- Oliver Sacks - Mrs O'C feels herself back in Ireland
- Oliver Sacks - Mrs O'M hears choirs singing
- Oliver Sacks - Musical notes
- Oliver Sacks - Musical prodigy
- Oliver Sacks - Narcolepsy
- Oliver Sacks - Narcolepsy
- Oliver Sacks - Native American in his house
- Oliver Sacks - Scarlet fever demons
- Oliver Sacks - Sex with apparitions
- Oliver Sacks - Smell mix causes problems
- Oliver Sacks - Smells that come from 'beyond the mind'
- Oliver Sacks - Stephanie sees angels
- Oliver Sacks - Stephen goes out of body
- Oliver Sacks - Stroke causing damage to occipital lobe
- Oliver Sacks - Suicide stopped by Spirit helper
- Oliver Sacks - The grey cat
- Oliver Sacks - The Twins
- Oliver Sacks - The twins, numbers and celestial music
- Oliver Sacks - Tony Cicoria is hit by lightning
- Oliver Sacks - Victor the Wild Boy and what he learnt
- Oliver Sacks - White noise
- Oliver Sacks - Zelda
- Oliver Sacks - Zyprexa case history
- Rosalie
- Sacks, Oliver - Assailed by colorful, sometimes violent, involuntary visual imagery
- Sacks, Oliver - In pain
- Sacks, Oliver - It came to me absolutely fluidly by a sort of inner voice
- Sacks, Oliver - Lariam and Jane Austen
- Sacks, Oliver - On dreams and the deaf
- Sacks, Oliver - On Inner speech
- Sacks, Oliver - On perception recall
- Sacks, Oliver - Perceptions as a means of 'knowing thyself'
- Sacks, Oliver - The hallucinations of migraine
- Sacks, Oliver - The indigo—whatever I saw—was beyond any spectral experience
- Sacks, Oliver - Writing gave pain relief