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Observations placeholder

Hallucinations in hospital patients

Identifier

006850

Type of Spiritual Experience

Hallucination

Number of hallucinations: 3

Background

It may be of interest to know that the pharmaceuticals he mentions have a record for side effects and hallucinations - for example this comes from eHealthme

Samsca (latest outcomes from 670 users - no longer available) has active ingredients of tolvaptan. Commonly reported side effects of Samsca include hypernatraemia, hyponatremia,  cardiac failure, thirst.

Hallucination (an experience involving the perception of something not present) (latest reports from 160,273 patients) has been reported.

On Feb, 10, 2014: 666 people reported to have side effects when taking Samsca. Among them, 3 people (0.45%) have Hallucination.

 

A description of the experience

Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2007 Feb 1;64(3):253-65.  New agents for managing hyponatremia in hospitalized patients.  Munger MA  College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East, Room 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5820, USA. mark.munger@hsc.utah.edu

PURPOSE: An overview of hyponatremia is provided, including its pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, signs and symptoms, and treatment, particularly with arginine vasopressin (AVP)-receptor antagonists.

SUMMARY: Hyponatremia (generally defined as a serum sodium concentration of <135 meq/L) is one of the most common electrolyte disorders in hospitalized and clinic patients. It may be caused by a number of conditions, including

  • infections,
  • heart disease,
  • surgery,
  • malignancy, and
  • medication use.

Clinical signs and symptoms such as hallucinations, lethargy, weakness, bradycardia, respiratory depression, seizures, coma, and death have been reported.

Conventional treatment consists of fluid restriction and administration of hypertonic saline and pharmacologic agents, such as demeclocycline, lithium carbonate, and urea.

These treatment options are often of limited effectiveness or difficult for patients to tolerate.

AVP promotes the reabsorption of water in the renal collecting ducts by activation of V(2) receptors, resulting in water retention and dilution of serum solutes. The AVP-receptor antagonists, conivaptan, lixivaptan, and tolvaptan, are being studied for the treatment of hyponatremia. Conivaptan has been shown in clinical trials to increase free-water excretion and safely normalize serum sodium concentrations in patients with hyponatremia and is well tolerated. Also in clinical trials, lixivaptan and tolvaptan have safely improved serum sodium concentrations in patients with hyponatremia.

CONCLUSION: Hyponatremia is a serious health condition for which treatment should be carefully performed. As new agents for treating hyponatremia, AVP-receptor antagonists have demonstrated efficacy and safety in clinical trials and may serve as significant improvements in the current treatment options for managing this disorder.

PMID: 17244874

The source of the experience

PubMed

Concepts, symbols and science items

Concepts

Symbols

Science Items

Activities and commonsteps

Commonsteps

References