Observations placeholder

Chemicals and their Biological Activities in: Commiphora myrrha (NEES) ENGL. (Burseraceae) -- African Myrrh, Herabol Myrrh, Mirra (Sp. It.), Myrrh, Myrrhe (Fr., Ger.), Somali Myrrh

Chemicals

2-METHOXY-FURANODIENE Essential Oil: 411  No activity reported.

3-EPI-ALPHA-AMYRIN Plant: DUKE1  No activity reported.

4-O-METHYL-GLUCURONIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

ACETIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: CCO

Acidulant JBH ; Antibacterial 5,000 ppm DUKE1992B ; Antiotitic MAR ; Antisalmonella X11307877 ; Antivaginitic 1-2% DUKE1992B ; Expectorant MAR ; Fungicide M29 ; Keratitigenic M&R367 ; Mucolytic M29 ; Osteolytic DUKE1992B ; Perfumery FEMA 6,000-40,000 ppm ARC ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Protisticide M29 ; Spermicide MAR ; Ulcerogenic HG20:9 ; Verrucolytic DUKE1992B

ALPHA-AMYRONE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

ALPHA-BISABOLENE Resin, Exudate, Sap: CCO No activity reported.

ALPHA-COMMIPHORIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

ALPHA-HEERABOMYRRHOL Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

ARABINOSE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

BETA-COMMIPHORIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL  No activity reported.

BETA-HEERABOMYRRHOL Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

BETA-SITOSTEROL Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL

Androgenic DUKE1992B ; Angiogenic X11988857 ; Anorexic MAR ; Antiadenomic M11 ; Antiandrogenic JE28:221 ; Antibacterial QJC28:155 ; Anticancer (Breast) PS131:95 ; Anticancer (Cervix) PJB1(2):287 ; Anticancer (Lung) PJB1(2):287 ; Antiedemic IC54=320 mg/kg orl DFN:160 ; Antiestrogenic JE28:221 ; Antifeedant 382 ; Antifertility JE28:221 ; Antigonadotrophic JE28:221 ; Antihyperlipoproteinaemic JBH ; Antiinflammatory; Antileukemic PJB1(2):287 ; Antilymphomic PJB1(2):287 ; Antimutagenic 250 ug/ml JAFC37:1365 ; Antiophidic 2.3 mg mus EMP5:363 ; Antioxidant IC44=10 uM JMF5:1 ; Antiprogestational JE28:221 ; Antiprostaglandin 30 mg/day/12 wks FT68(4):291 ; Antiprostatadenomic M11 ; Antiprostatitic 10-20 mg 3 x/day/orl man; Antipyretic HDN ; Antitumor (Breast) PS131:95 ; Antitumor (Cervix) PJB1(2):287 ; Antitumor (Lung) PJB1(2):287 ; Antiviral PS75:161 ; Apoptotic X17350814 ; Artemicide LC50=110 ppm PC29(5):1667 ; Cancer-Preventive 525 ; Candidicide QJC28:155 ; Caspase-8-Inducer X17358014 ; Estrogenic PHM9:52 ; Febrifuge HDN ; Gonadotrophic JE28:221 ; Hepatoprotective PMP23:60 ; Hypocholesterolemic 2-6 g/man/day/orl M30 9-3,330 mg/man/day/orl MAR ; Hypoglycemic JE27:243 ; Hypolipidemic 2-6 g/day; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Spermicide JE28:221 ; Ubiquiot JBH ; Ulcerogenic 500 mg/kg ipr rat FT63(1):3

CADINENE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL

Antifeedant 382 ; FLavor FEMA 400-4,000 ARC ; Perfumery JBH ; Pesticide DUKE1992B

CAMPESTEROL Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL

Antioxidant IC37=10 uM JMF5:1 ; Hypocholesterolemic JAD

CHOLESTEROL Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL

Antioxidant IC43=10 uM JMF5:1

CINNAMALDEHYDE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL

Acaricide X12137464 ; Adrenergic CAN ; Allelochemic IC100=2.5 mM 438 ; Allergenic; Anesthetic ZUL ; Antiaggregant 200 uM EMP5:343 ; Antibacterial MIC=250-1,000 ug/ml; Antienterococcic MIC=250 ug/ml JE70:123 ; Antiescherichic MIC=500 ug/ml JE70:123 ; Antiherpetic AEHD1:106 ; Antiinflammatory ZUL ; Antiklebsiellic MIC=1,000 ug/ml JE70:123 ; Antileukemic PJB1(1):172 ; Antimutagenic HG24:40 ; Antipneumonic JE70:123 ; Antipseudomonic JE70:123 ; Antipyretic; Antisalmonella MIC=500 ug/ml; Antispasmodic; Antistaphylococcic MIC=250 ug/ml JE70:123 ; Antiulcer 500 mg/kg/orl DUKE1992B ; Antiurease USP5,560,912 ; Antiviral AEHD1:106 ; Cancer-Preventive 525 ; Candidicide MIC=16-40 ppm QRNM(SUMMER):114 ; Choleretic 500 mg/kg/orl DUKE1992B ; Chronotropic AEHD1:106 ; Circulatory-Stimulant DUKE1992B ; CNS-Depressant 411 ; CNS-Stimulant 411 ; COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=245 uM JNP65:1517 ; Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor ZUL ; Cytotoxic ED50=5-60 ug/ml AEHD1:111 ; FLavor PJB1(3):234 ; Fungicide 1.7-250 ppm DUKE1992B MIC=16-40 ppm QRNM(SUMMER):114 ; Herbicide JBH ; Histaminic AEHD1:109 ; Hypoglycemic 411 ; Hypotensive 411 ; Hypothermic AEHD1:107 ; Inotropic AEHD1:106 ; Insecticide LAF ; Irritant RIN ; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor ZUL ; Monoaminergic PJB1(3):234 ; Mutagenic AEHD1:110 ; Nematicide 100 ug/ml SZ44:183 ; Perfumery PJB1(1):172 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Sedative PJB1(1):172 ; Sprout-Inhibitor PER.COM.SFV ; Teratogenic AEHD1:110 ; Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g JAF50:1389 LD96=1 mg/g JAF50:1389 ; Tranquilizer JNP39:438 ; Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=129 ug/ml JAF47:4574 ID50=970 uM JAF50:1400 ; Vasodilator PJB1(1):172 ; Vibriocide MIC=250 ug/ml JE70:123

COMMIFERIN Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

COMMIPHORINIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

CUMIC-ALCOHOL Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

CUMINALDEHYDE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL

Antibacterial DUKE1992B ; FLavor FEMA <1 ARC ; Fungicide FT62:86 ; Irritant ZEB ; Larvicide AYL ; Perfumery JBH ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Sedative ZEB ; Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=0.05 mM JAF47:4574 ; Ulcerogenic ZEB

CURZERENONE Essential Oil: 411 No activity reported.

DIPENTENE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL

Allergenic M&R618 ; Antibacterial LAF ; Antiviral LAF ; Expectorant JBH ; Irritant JBH ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Sedative JBH

ELEMOL Essential Oil: 411

Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=34 ug/ml JAF46:3434 ; Antiulcer X10823671

EO Resin, Exudate, Sap 15,000 - 170,000 ppm AYL No activity reported.

EUGENOL Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL

Acaricide LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm; Allergenic M&R488 ; Analgesic M11 ; Anesthetic 200-400 PR4:93 ; Antiaggregant IC50=0.3 uM PR4:93 ; Antiarachidonate PJB1(2):269 ; Antibacterial 500 ppm VAL MBC=400 ug/ml JNP49:5750 ; Anticonvulsant JBH ; Antiedemic 100 PR4:95 ; Antiestrogenic X12495555 ; Antifeedant 382 ; Antigenotoxic 50-500 mg/kg orl mus X11313116 ; Antiherpetic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml PR14:495 ; Antiinflammatory (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM PHM7:7 ; Antikeratotic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml PR14:495 ; Antimitotic JBH ; Antimutagenic EMP6:235 ; Antinitrosating PCF-I:200 ; Antioxidant 10 uM HHM7:7 IC65=30 ppm PCF:219 ; Antiprostaglandin 11 uM PM186:1986 IC50=9.2 mM POP:150 ; Antipyretic 3 ml/man/day DUKE1992B ; Antiradicular EC50=2 ul/l PMP22:233 ; Antisalmonella MIC=400 ug/ml JNP49:5750 ; Antiseptic 3 ml/man/day DUKE1992B 400 ug/ml JNP49:5750 ; Antispasmodic LAF ; Antistaphylococcic CWW ; Antithromboxane LRN-JUL87 ; AntiTNF X10871845 ; Antitumor JNP55:999 ; Antiulcer FT71:S131 ; Antiviral IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml PR14:495 ; Apifuge 382 ; Calcium-Antagonist IC50=200 uM gpg J14432 IC50=224 uM LAB58 ; Cancer-Preventive 525 ; Candidicide PR4:93 ; Carcinogenic? NIG ; Carminative JPP46:16 ; Choleretic X1242658 ; CNS-Depressant JBH ; COX-1-Inhibitor IC97=1,000 uM PHM7:7 ; COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=129 uM JNP65:1517 IC>97=1,000 uM PHM7:7 ; Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor PIZ ; Cytotoxic 25 ug/ml PR4:93 ; Dermatitigenic M&R489 ; Enterorelaxant JAR4:22 ; FLavor FEMA 10-500 ARC ; Fungicide PMP23:60 ; Hepatoprotective 100 ppm TOX107:39 ; Herbicide PMP23:60 ; Insecticide; Insectifuge 382 ; Irritant; Juvabional 382 ; Larvicide JE26:72 ; Motor-Depressant BVC:162 ; Nematicide MLC=2,000 ug/ml SZ44:183 ; Neurotoxic RJH ; Perfumery ARC ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 1 mM rbt GPH27:629 IC50=9.2 uM; Sedative; Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g JAF50:1389 ; Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml FT67:279 ; Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/ml NIG ; Trypsin-Enhancer LRN-DEC93 ; Ulcerogenic PR4:93 ; Varroacide X10826162 ; Vasodilator PR14:495 ; Vermifuge DUKE1992B

FURANODIENE Essential Oil: 411  No activity reported.

FURANODIENONE Essential Oil: 411 No activity reported.

GALACTOSE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL  

Sweetener 0.32 x sucrose MAR

GAMA-COMMIPHORIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

GAMMA-BISABOLENE Resin, Exudate, Sap: CCO

Irritant ZEB ; Perfume ZEB

GUM Resin, Exudate, Sap 600,000 ppm; AYL No activity reported.

HEERABOLENE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

HEERABORESENE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL No activity reported.

LIMONENE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL

Acaricide LC100=8 uM JAF50:4586 ; AChE-Inhibitor 453 ; Allelochemic JAF45:3276 ; Allergenic 1/20th carene M&R521 ; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC22-26=1.2 mM JAF45:677 ; Antiadenomic ACT13:64 ; Antialzheimeran? 453 ; Antiasthmatic X15598576 ; Antibacterial RIE12:5 ; Anticancer AEM401:131 ; Antiesophagitic ACT13:64 ; Antifeedant JAF45:3276 ; Antiflu EMP5:195 ; Antiinflammatory X15598576 ; Antilithic M29:1064 ; Antilymphomic X15778119 ; Antimetastatic (Stomach) ACT13:64 ; Antimutagenic EMP6:235 ; Antiobesity X15862904 ; Antiseptic JAF44:2802 ; Antispasmodic ED50=0.197 mg/ml FT59:465 ; Antitumor; Antitumor (Breast) AEM401:131 ; Antitumor (Colon) ACT13:64 ; Antitumor (Pancreas) AEM401:131 ; Antitumor (Prostate) AEM401:131 ; Antitumor (Stomach) ACT13:64 ; Antiviral; Apoptotic X14998133 ; Bronchoprotectant X15598576 ; Cancer-Preventive 525 ; Candidistat JAF40:2330 ; Chemopreventive AEM401:131 ; Cholesterolytic X18072821 ; Detoxicant; Enterocontractant JAR4:22 ; Expectorant; FLavor PJB1(3):242 ; Fungiphilic JAF43:2283 ; Fungistat JAF40:2330 ; GST-Inducer X1438594 ; Herbicide IC50=45 uM TOX ; Histaminic X15862904 ; Immunomodulator X15778119 ; Insecticide 0.37 uM/fly; Insectifuge 382 ; Interleukin-6-Inhibitor X17867636 ; Irritant; Lipolytic X15862904 ; Myorelaxant 50 mg/kg X12587690 ; Nematicide IC=100 ug/ml NIG ; NO-Genic X15778119 ; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor ~750 mg/kg (diet) BO2 ; Ozone-Scavenger X15598576 ; P450-Inducer; Peristaltic X18072821 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Photosensitizer RIN ; Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kg W&W ; Transdermal X7199340

LINDESTRENE Essential Oil: 411 No activity reported.

M-CRESOL Resin, Exudate, Sap: 411

Antiseptic M11 ; Fumigant M11 ; Hemolytic 3,000 ppm MAR ; Irritant MAR ; Parasiticide DUKE1992B ; Perfumery 0.1% ARC ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Rodenticide LD50=1,100 cut rat AFR27:165

N-NONACOSANE Resin, Exudate, Sap: HHB

Antimutagenic EMP6:235

RESIN Resin, Exudate, Sap 200,000 - 400,000 ppm AYL No activity reported.

XYLOSE Resin, Exudate, Sap: AYL

Antidiabetic; Diagnostic MAR ; Dye M11

ppm = parts per million
tr = trace