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Observations placeholder

Acorus calamus Linn.: phytoconstituents and bactericidal property

Identifier

027989

Type of Spiritual Experience

Background

Micrococcus luteus is a Gram-positive, to Gram-variable, nonmotile, coccus, tetrad-arranging, pigmented, saprotrophic bacterium that belongs to the family Micrococcaceae.  An obligate aerobe, M. luteus is found in soil, dust, water and air, and as part of the normal flora of the mammalian skin. The bacterium also colonizes the human mouth, mucosae, oropharynx and upper respiratory tract. It was discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming before he discovered penicillin in 1928

A description of the experience

World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Oct;32(10):164. doi: 10.1007/s11274-016-2124-2. Epub 2016 Aug 25.

Acorus calamus Linn.: phytoconstituents and bactericidal property.

Joshi RK1.  1 Department of Phytochemistry, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Belgaum, Karnataka, 590 010, India. joshirk_natprod@yahoo.com.

Abstract

Acorus calamus Linn. of the family Araceae (Acoraceae), is commonly known as Sweet Flag and Vacha. The rhizome of this plant has medicinal properties against bugs, moths, lice and emetic stomach in dyspepsia.

Chemical composition of the hydro-distilled essential oil obtained from the rhizomes of A. calamus was analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

The essential oil of A. calamus and its major compound β-asarone were tested against five Gram-positive, eight Gram-negative bacteria, and three fungi by the tube-dilution method at a concentration rang of 5.0-0.009 mg/mL. Forty constituents were identified which comprised 98.3 % of the total oil. The major compound β-asarone (80.6 %) was identified and confirm by NMR ((1)H- & (13)C-) in rhizome oil of A. calamus.

The organism Micrococcus luteus was found to be more susceptible to the oil with minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value of 0.032 ± 0.004 mg/mL, followed by Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and Micrococcus flavus with MBC values of 0.104 ± 0.016, 0.117 ± 0.017 and 0.143 ± 0.013 mg/mL, respectively. The compound β-asarone was susceptible to the microorganism A. niger with MBC value 0.416 ± 0.065 mg/mL.

The present study revealed that tetraploid variety of A. calamus is growing in this region with substantial amount of β-asarone. The oil showed bactericidal property against tested bacteria and fungi. The β-asarone exhibited poorer bactericidal activity against test microorganisms.

 

KEYWORDS:

Acorus calamus Linn.; Bactericidal property; Essential oil composition; GC/MS; NMR (1H– & 13C–); β-asarone

 

PMID: 27562598 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2124-2

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References