Observations placeholder
Outbreak of typhoid fever in vaccinated members of the French Armed Forces in the Ivory Coast
Identifier
027504
Type of Spiritual Experience
None
Background
A description of the experience
Eur J Epidemiol. 2005;20(7):635-42.
Outbreak of typhoid fever in vaccinated members of the French Armed Forces in the Ivory Coast.
Michel R1, Garnotel E, Spiegel A, Morillon M, Saliou P, Boutin JP.
Author information
1
Départment d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Marseille, France. imtssa.ure@wanadoo.fr
Abstract
In 2001, an outbreak of typhoid fever occurred among the members of the French Armed Forces. All had received a typhoid vaccination as per the immunization schedule practiced in the Armed Forces (every 5 years).
A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 94 personnel. The objectives were to confirm the diagnosis, determine the source of contamination and identify the factors associated with defective vaccinal efficacy. Twenty-four cases were clinically identified.
A cucumber salad was identified as the contaminating dish (Risk Ratio = 3.6; 95%CI 1.5-8.9). Only one factor was related to defective vaccinal efficacy; the risk of typhoid fever was two-fold higher in people vaccinated more than 3 years previously (Risk Ratio = 2.2; 95%CI, 1.1-4.2).
Compliance with food hygiene rules could have prevented 24 cases of typhoid fever. Nevertheless, repeat vaccination against typhoid fever is now conducted every 3 years in the French Forces, in compliance with the manufacturers' recommendations.
PMID:
16119438