Observations placeholder

Chemicals and their Biological Activities in: Musa x paradisiaca L. (Musaceae) -- Banana, Plantain

---

Chemicals

(24R)-4ALPHA,14ALPHA,24-TRIMETHYL-5ALPHA-CHOLESTA-8,25(27)-3BETA-OL Plant:

No activity reported.

(24S)-24-METHYL-25-DEHYDROCHOLESTEROL Fruit:

No activity reported.

2,4-METHYLENE-CHOLESTEROL Fruit:

No activity reported.

24-METHYL-CHOLESTEROL Fruit:

No activity reported.

24-METHYLENE-31-NOR-5ALPHA-CYCLOARTAN-3-ONE Fruit:

No activity reported.

24-METHYLENE-31-NOR-5ALPHA-LANOST-9(11)-3BETA-OL Fruit:

No activity reported.

24-METHYLENE-CYCLOARTENOL Fruit: Plant:

No activity reported.

24-METHYLENE-CYCLOARTENOL-PALMITATE Fruit:

No activity reported.

24-METHYLENEPOLLINASTANOL Fruit:

No activity reported.

31-NOR-24BETA-METHYL-9,19-CYCLOLANOST-25-EN-3ALPHA-OL Flower:

No activity reported.

31-NORCYCLOLAUDENOL Fruit:

No activity reported.

31-NORCYCLOLAUDENONE Fruit:

No activity reported.

5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE Plant:

Allergenic; Antidepressant; Antidote (Manganese) to 3 g/man/day; Antimutilation; Antiparkinsonian; Antitourette 400 mg/4x/day/orl/man; Cancer-Preventive; Cerebrophilic; Hypertensive; Insecticide; Pesticide; Secretogogue; Spasmogenic; Ulcerogenic; Vasoconstrictor

6G-BETA-D-FRUCTOFURANOSYLSUCROSE Fruit:

No activity reported.

ACETIC-ACID Fruit:

Acidulant; Antibacterial 5,000 ppm; Antiotitic; Antisalmonella; Antivaginitic 1-2%; Expectorant; Fungicide; Keratitigenic; Mucolytic; Osteolytic; Perfumery FEMA 6,000-40,000 ppm; Pesticide; Protisticide; Spermicide; Ulcerogenic; Verrucolytic

ALANINE Fruit 390 - 1,515 ppm

Antioxidant; Cancer-Preventive; Oxidant

ALPHA-CAROTENE Fruit 0.12 - 0.36 ppm

Anticancer; Anticancer (Liver); Anticancer (Lung); Anticancer (Skin); Antiproliferant 10 x beta-carotene; Colorant; Previtamin-A

ALPHA-KETO-GLUTARIC-ACID Leaf:

No activity reported.

ALPHA-LINOLENIC-ACID Fruit 330 - 1,282 ppm

5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Antiaggregant; Antihypertensive; Antiinflammatory IC50=42 uM; Antileukotriene-D4; Antimenorrhagic; Antimetastatic; Antiprostatitic; Cancer-Preventive; Hypotensive; Immunostimulant 0.12 ml/man/day; Lymphocytogenic 0.5 ug/ml; Propecic; Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 39.5 g/day/hmn; Vasodilator

ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL Hull Husk 30 ppm;

Antialzheimeran; Antianginal; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Antiatherosclerotic; Anticancer; Anticataract; Anticonvulsant Synergen; Antidementia; Antidiabetic; Antiinfarctal; Antiinfertility; Antiischemic; Antimaculitic; Antimutagenic; Antineuropathic; Antioxidant 5 x quercetin IC34=10 uM; Antiparkinsonian; Antiradicular 5 x quercetin; Antiretinotic; Antirheumatic; Antistroke; Antitumor; Antitumor (Bladder); Antitumor (Prostate); Antitumor (Stomach); Antitumor-Promoter; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Circulotonic; Immunomodulator

ALUMINUM Fruit 1 - 35 ppm

Antisilicotic; Antivaginitic; Candidicide; Encephalopathic; Pesticide

AMYLASE Fruit:

Sedative

AMYLOSE Fruit 205,000 ppm;

No activity reported.

ANHYDROGALACTURONIC-ACID Fruit:

No activity reported.

ARABINOSE Fruit:

No activity reported.

ARGININE Fruit 470 - 1,826 ppm

Antidiabetic?; Antiencephalopathic; Antihepatitic; Antihypertensive; Antiimpotence; Antiinfertility 4 g/day; Antioxidant?; Aphrodisiac 3 g/day; Diuretic; Hypoammonemic; NO-Genic; Pituitary-Stimulant; Spermigenic 4 g/day; Vasodilator

ARSENIC Fruit 0.04 - 0.35 ppm

Anorexic; Pesticide

ASCORBIC-ACID Fruit 88 - 367 ppm Hull Husk 1,380 ppm;

Acidulant FEMA 6,000; Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor; Analgesic 5-10 g/day; Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker; AntiAGE 2,000 mg/day; Antiaggregant; Antiaging 400 mg/day; Antiallergic; Antialzheimeran 2,000-6,000 mg/day; Antiarthritic 0.2-1 g/day; Antiasthmatic 1,000 mg/day; Antiatherosclerotic; Antibacterial; Anticataract 1 g 3x/day 350 mg/day 400 mg/day; Anticervicaldysplasic 1,000-2,000 mg/day; AntiCFS 500-1,000 mg; Anticlimacteric 500-5,000 mg/day; Anticold 1-2 g/man/day; AntiCrohn's 50-100 mg/day/orl/man; AntiCTS 1,000 mg 3x/day; Antidecubitic 500 mg/man/2x/day; Antidementia; Antidepressant 2,000 mg/day; Antidiabetic; Antidote (Aluminum); Antidote (Cadmium); Antidote (Lead); Antidote (Paraquat); Antieczemic 3.5-5 g/day; Antiedemic 1 g/man/day; Antiencephalitic; Antiendometriotic 2,000 mg/day; Antifatigue 500-1,000 mg; Antifibrotic 1,000-2,000 mg; Antigallstone 1,000-3,000 mg/day; Antigastritic; Antigingivitic; Antiglaucomic 2 g/day; Antihangover 1,000 mg; Antihemorrhagic 1 g/man/day; Antihepatitic 2-6 g/man/day; Antihepatotoxic; Antiherpetic 1-5 g/day; Antihistaminic 2 g/day orl man; Antihypertensive; Antiinfertility 1 g/day; Antiinflammatory; Antilepric 1.5 g/man/day; Antilithic 1,000-3,000 mg/day; AntiLyme 500-2,000 mg; Antimaculitic; Antimeasles; Antimenopausal 500-5,000 mg/day; Antimigraine; Antimutagenic; Antineuramidase; Antinitrosic 1 g/man/day; Antiobesity 1 g 3x/day; Antiorchitic; Antiosteoarthritic 1 g 2x/day; Antiosteoporotic 500 mg/day; Antioxidant 100 ppm; Antiparkinsonian 1 g 2-3x/day; Antiparotitic; Antiperiodontitic 1 g 2x/day; Antipneumonic; Antipodriac; Antipoliomyelitic; Antipyretic; Antiradicular; AntiRaynaud's 500 mg 1-2x/day; Antiretinotic; Antirheumatic; Antirhinitic 1,000 mg 3x/day; Antiscorbutic 10 mg/man/day; Antiseptic 4-8 g/day MIC=3.3-217 mg/ml; Antishingles; Antispasmodic 500-5,000 mg/day; Antistress 500-1,000 mg; Antisyndrome-X 1-4 g/day; Antitumor (Gastric); Antitumor (Lung); Antiulcer; Antiviral 1-5 g/day; Apoptotic 1-10 mM; Asthma-preventive 1,000 mg/day/orl; Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker; Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor 1.5 g/day/man; Calcium-Antagonist; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Cold-preventive 1-2 g/day; Collagenic; Detoxicant; Diuretic 700 mg/man/orl; Fistula-Preventive; Hypocholesterolemic 300-1,000 mg/day; Hypoglycemic; Hypotensive 1,000 mg/man/day; Immunomodulator; Immunostimulant; Interferonogenic; Lithogenic; Mucolytic 1 g/woman/day; Pesticide; Uricosuric 4 g/man/day; Urinary-Acidulant; Vasodilator; Vulnerary

ASCORBIC-ACID-OXIDASE Fruit:

No activity reported.

ASH Flower 12,000 ppm; Fruit 7,100 - 31,900 ppm Hull Husk 121,000 ppm; Leaf 88,000 ppm; Pith 6,000 ppm; Shoot 11,710 - 158,300 ppm Sprout Seedling 143,000 ppm;

No activity reported.

ASPARTIC-ACID Fruit 1,130 - 4,390 ppm

Antimorphinic; Neuroexcitant; Roborant

BETA-CAROTENE Fruit 0.4 - 2.1 ppm Hull Husk 0.6 - 16.6 ppm

Allergenic; Androgenic?; Antiacne; Antiaging; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Anticancer; Anticarcinomic; Anticervicaldysplasic; Anticoronary 50 mg/man/2 days; Antihyperkeratotic; Antiichythyotic; Antileukoplakic; Antilipoperoxidant IC71=50 ug/ml; Antilupus 150 mg/man/day/2 mos; Antimaculitic; Antimastitic; Antimutagenic; Antioxidant; Antiozenic; Antipapillomic; Antiphotophobic 30-300 mg/man/day; Antipityriasic; AntiPMS; Antiporphyric; Antiproliferant; Antipsoriac; Antiradicular; Antirheumatic; Antistress; Antitumor; Antitumor (Breast) IC45=60 ug/ml; Antitumor (CNS) IC43=45 ug/ml; Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Lung) IC30=60 ug/ml; Antitumor (Prostate); Antitumor (Stomach) IC26=45 ug/ml; Antiulcer 12 mg 3x/day/man/orl 15,000-25,000 IU/day; Antixerophthalmic; Cancer-Preventive 22 ppm; Chemopreventive; Colorant; COX-1-Inhibitor IC78=50 ug/ml; COX-2-Inhibitor IC82=50 ug/ml; Gastroprotective; Immunostimulant 180 mg/man/day/orl; Interferon-Synergist; Mucogenic; Phagocytotic; Prooxidant 20 ug/g; Thymoprotective; Ubiquiot

BETA-SITOSTEROL Fruit: Leaf:

Androgenic; Angiogenic; Anorexic; Antiadenomic; Antiandrogenic; Antibacterial; Anticancer (Breast); Anticancer (Cervix); Anticancer (Lung); Antiedemic IC54=320 mg/kg orl; Antiestrogenic; Antifeedant; Antifertility; Antigonadotrophic; Antihyperlipoproteinaemic; Antiinflammatory; Antileukemic; Antilymphomic; Antimutagenic 250 ug/ml; Antiophidic 2.3 mg mus; Antioxidant IC44=10 uM; Antiprogestational; Antiprostaglandin 30 mg/day/12 wks; Antiprostatadenomic; Antiprostatitic 10-20 mg 3 x/day/orl man; Antipyretic; Antitumor (Breast); Antitumor (Cervix); Antitumor (Lung); Antiviral; Apoptotic; Artemicide LC50=110 ppm; Cancer-Preventive; Candidicide; Caspase-8-Inducer; Estrogenic; Febrifuge; Gonadotrophic; Hepatoprotective; Hypocholesterolemic 2-6 g/man/day/orl 9-3,330 mg/man/day/orl; Hypoglycemic; Hypolipidemic 2-6 g/day; Pesticide; Spermicide; Ubiquiot; Ulcerogenic 500 mg/kg ipr rat

BIOTIN Fruit:

Antialopecic; Antidermatitic 3 mg/2x/day; Antineuralgic; Antiseborrheic

BORIC-ACID Fruit:

Insecticide

BORON Fruit 1 - 17.7 ppm

Androgenic 3 mg/man/day; Antiosteoarthritic; Antiosteoporotic; Estrogenic

BROMINE Fruit 0.3 - 27 ppm

No activity reported.

BUTYRIC-ACID Fruit: Plant:

Anticancer; Antitumor; Apoptotic; Bruchifuge; Nematistat 880 ug/ml; Pesticide

CADMIUM Fruit:

Hypertensive; Lithogenic; Nephrotoxic

CALCIUM Flower 300 ppm; Fruit 40 - 460 ppm Leaf 7,500 ppm; Pith 100 ppm; Sprout Seedling 11,600 ppm;

Antiallergic 500 mg/day; Antianxiety; Antiarrhythmic 500-1,500 mg; Antiarthritic 1,000 mg/day; Antiatherosclerotic 500 mg/day; Anticlimacteric 1,000-1,500 mg/day; Antidepressant; Antidote (Aluminum); Antidote (Lead); Antihyperkinetic; Antihypertensive; Antiinsomniac; Antimenopausal; Antiobesity; Antiosteoporotic 500-2,000 mg/day; Antiperiodontitic 750 mg/day; AntiPMS 1 g/day; Antirheumatic 1,000 mg/day; Antistress 500-1,500 mg/day; Antitic; Anxiolytic; Calcium-Channel-Blocker; Diuretic; Hypocholesterolemic 500 mg/day; Hypotensive 1 g/day; Laxative 1,000-1,200 mg; Tranquilizer 500-1,500 mg/day; Vasodilator

CALCIUM-PECTATE Fruit 42,000 ppm;

No activity reported.

CAMPESTEROL Fruit:

Antioxidant IC37=10 uM; Hypocholesterolemic

CAPRIC-ACID Fruit 10 - 39 ppm

Fungicide; Irritant; Pesticide

CAPROLIC-ACID Plant:

No activity reported.

CAPRYLIC-ACID Plant:

Antiseptic; Candidicide 300 mg/man/12 x/day; Fungicide; Irritant; Pesticide

CARBOHYDRATES Flower 50,000 ppm; Fruit 234,300 - 910,256 ppm Hull Husk 631,000 ppm; Leaf 695,000 ppm; Pith 97,000 ppm; Shoot 39,000 - 527,000 ppm Sprout Seedling 810,000 ppm;

No activity reported.

CATALASE Fruit:

Antioxidant

CELLULOSE Fruit:

Hemostat

CHLORINE Fruit 1,250 ppm;

Antibacterial; Antiherpetic; Antiseptic; Antiviral; Candidicide; Fungicide; Pesticide

CHLOROPHYLL Hull Husk 52 - 103 ppm

Antibacterial; Anticancer; Anticancer (Colon); Anticancer (Liver); Antidecubitic; Antihalitosic; Antimenorrhagic 25 mg/day/wmn/orl; Antimutagenic; Antiotitic; Antioxidant; Antirhinitic; Antisinusitic; Antiulcer; Cancer-Preventive; Colorant; Deodorant; Dye; Oxidant; Perfumery; Pesticide; Vulnerary

CHOLESTEROL Fruit:

Antioxidant IC43=10 uM

CHROMIUM Fruit 0.02 - 0.15 ppm

Amphiglycemic?; Antiacne; AntiAGE 200-1,000 ug; Antiaging; Antiatherosclerotic 20 ug/day; AntiCFS 200 ug; Anticorneotic; Antidiabetic 200-1,000 ug; Antidote (Lead); Antifatigue 200 ug; Antiglycosuric 200-1,000 ug; Antiobesity; Antisyndrome-X 200-800 ug; Antitriglyceride 20 ug/day 200-1,000 ug; Cardioprotective; Energizer; Hypocholesterolemic 20 ug/day 200-1,000 ug; Hypoglycemic; Hypotensive; Immunomodulator; Insulinogenic; Memorigenic

CITRIC-ACID Fruit:

Allergenic; Alpha-Amylase-Inhibitor; Antiaphthic 20,000 ppm; Antiatherosclerotic; Antibacterial; Anticalculic; Anticoagulant; Antileishmanic; Antimutagenic; Antioxidant Synergist; Antiseborrheic; Antiseptic; Antitubercular; Antitumor; Disinfectant; FLavor FEMA 370-4,400; Hemostat; Irritant; Laxative?; Litholytic; Mycobactericide; Odontolytic; Refrigerant

COBALT Fruit:

Cardiomyopathogenic; Erythrocytogenic

COPPER Fruit 1 - 7 ppm

Antianemic; Antiarthritic; Antidiabetic 2-4 mg/day; Antifatigue; Antiinflammatory; Antinociceptive; Antiosteoporotic; Cardioprotective; Contraceptive; Hypocholesterolemic; Immunomodulator; Schizophrenigenic

CYANIDIN Inflorescence:

Allelochemic IC90=1 mM; Antioxidant 4.4 x Vit. E ID50=3.5-22 uM; Metal-Chelator (Copper); Pesticide; Pigment; Prooxidant

CYCLOARTENOL Fruit:

Antibacterial; Antiinflammatory; Antirheumatic 2-5 mg/man; Antistaphylococcic; Hypocholesterolemic; Pesticide; Ubiquiot

CYCLOEUCALENOL Fruit:

Antibacterial; Antistaphylococcic; Pesticide

CYCLOEUCALENONE Fruit:

No activity reported.

CYCLOLAUDENOL Fruit:

No activity reported.

CYSTINE Fruit 170 - 660 ppm

Adjuvant; Antihomocystinuric

DEHYDROASCORBIC-ACID Fruit 10 - 51 ppm

No activity reported.

DELPHINIDIN Inflorescence: Plant:

Allelochemic IC81=1 mM; Allergenic; Antioxidant ID50=0.7-2.4 uM; Cancer-Preventive; Metal-Chelator (Copper); NO-Inhibitor IC78=250 uM; Pesticide; Pigment; Prooxidant

DOPA Fruit:

Antiparkinsonian

DOPAMINE Fruit: Hull Husk 700 ppm;

Adrenergic; Antilactagogue; Antimyocontractant; Antineurogenic; Antiparkinsonian; Antiprolactin; Antishock; Antithyreotropic; Cardiotonic; Diuretic; Hypertensive; Inotropic; Myocontractant 10 uM; Natriuretic; Neurotransmitter; Priapistic; Sympathomimetic; Teratogenic; Vasoconstrictor; Vasodilator

ERUCIC-ACID Plant:

Antitumor; Lubricant

FAT Flower 2,000 ppm; Fruit 3,450 - 23,693 ppm Hull Husk 87,000 ppm; Leaf 118,000 ppm; Pith 1,000 ppm; Shoot 8,480 - 115,000 ppm Sprout Seedling 23,000 ppm;

No activity reported.

FIBER Flower 19,000 ppm; Fruit 5,000 - 19,425 ppm Hull Husk 100,000 ppm; Leaf 240,000 ppm; Pith 8,000 ppm; Shoot 13,210 - 178,600 ppm Sprout Seedling 205,000 ppm;

Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker; Antidiabetic; Antihypertensive; Antiobesity; Antitumor; Antiulcer; Beta-Blocker; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Diuretic; Hypocholesterolemic; Hypotensive 10 g/man/day/orl; Hypouricemic; Laxative; Vasodilator

FLUORINE Fruit 0.1 - 0.4 ppm

No activity reported.

FOLACIN Fruit 0.2 - 0.9 ppm

Antianemic 5-20 mg/man/day; Anticervicaldysplasic 8-30 mg/wmn/day/orl; Anticheilitic; Antidepressant; Antigingivitic 2-5 mg/day/man; Antiglossitic; Antimyelotoxic 5 mg/day/orl/man; Antineuropathic; Antiperiodontitic; Antiplaque; Antipsychotic; AntiSpina-Bifida; Hematopoietic; Uricosuric; Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor

FORMIC-ACID Fruit:

Acaricide; Antiseptic; Antisyncopic; Astringent; Corrosive; Counterirritant; FLavor FEMA 500-2,500; Fungistat; Fungitoxic; Irritant; Pesticide; Preservative; Toxic

FRUCTOSE Fruit 35,000 ppm;

Antialcoholic; Antidiabetic; Antihangover; Antiketotic; Antinauseant; Laxative; Neoplastic; Sweetener 2 x glucose

GABA Fruit:

Analeptic; Anticephalagic; Anticerebrotic; Antichoreic 1-32 g/man/day; Anticonvulsant 4,120 mg/kg ipr mus; Antihypertensive 1,000-4,000 mg/man/day; Antiinsomniac; Antilethargic; Antistress; Antitinnitic; Anxiolytic; Cardiovascular 208 ivn dog; CNS-Inhibitor 0.1 mg/kg ivn cat 100 mg/kg ivn dog 2,500 mg/kg scu mus; Diuretic 1,500-4,000 mg/man/day; Hypotensive 1,000-4,000 mg/day; Neuroinhibitor; Neurotoxic (to birds); Neurotransmitter; Sedative; Tranquilizer

GADOLEIC-ACID Plant:

No activity reported.

GALACTOSE Fruit:

Sweetener 0.32 x sucrose

GAMMA-GUANIDINO-N-BUTYRIC-ACID Fruit:

No activity reported.

GAMMA-GUANIDINOBUTYRIC-ACID Fruit:

No activity reported.

GLUCOSE Fruit 45,000 ppm;

Acetylcholinergic; Antiedemic; Antihepatotoxic; Antiketotic; Antivaricose; Hyperglycemic; Memory-Enhancer

GLUTAMIC-ACID Fruit 1,110 - 4,312 ppm

Antialkali? 500-1,000 mg/day/orl/man; Antiepileptic; Antihyperammonemic; Antilithic; Antiprostatitic 125-250 mg 3 x/day; Antiretardation; Anxiolytic; Neurotoxic

GLUTARIC-ACID Leaf:

No activity reported.

GLYCERIC-ACID Leaf:

Cholesterolytic; Diuretic; Hepatotonic

GLYCINE Fruit 370 - 1,437 ppm

Antiacid; Antialdosteronic; Antidote (Hypoglycin-A); Antiencephalopathic; Antigastritic; Antiprostatitic 125-250 mg 3 x/day; Antipruritic; Antisickling; Antiulcer; Cancer-Preventive; Neuroinhibitor; Uricosuric

GLYCOLIC-ACID Leaf:

Cholesterolytic; Diuretic; Hepatotonic; Irritant

GLYOXALIC-ACID Leaf:

No activity reported.

HEMICELLULOSE Fruit:

No activity reported.

HISTIDINE Fruit 810 - 3,147 ppm

Antiarteriosclerotic; Antinephritic; Antioxidant; Antiulcer; Antiuremic; Essential; Oxidant

INDOLE-3-ACETIC-ACID Fruit:

Allelochemic; Cancer-Preventive; Herbicide; Hypoglycemic; Insulinase-Inhibitor; Insulinotonic; Pesticide

INOSITOL Fruit 340 ppm;

Antialopecic; Anticirrhotic; Antidiabetic?; Antineuropathic? 2 g/day; Cholesterolytic 2,000 mg/man/day; Lipotropic; Sweetener; Ubiquiot

INVERTASE Fruit:

No activity reported.

IRON Flower 1 ppm; Fruit 3 - 25 ppm Pith 11 ppm;

Antiakathisic; Antianemic; Anticanker; Anticheilitic; Antimenorrhagic 100 mg/day/wmn/orl; Prooxidant

ISOFUCISTEROL Fruit:

No activity reported.

ISOLEUCINE Fruit 330 - 1,282 ppm

Antiencephalopathic?; Antipellagric; Essential

ISOVALERIANIC-ACID Plant:

No activity reported.

KAEMPFEROL Fruit: Plant:

11B-HSD-Inhibitor; 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM)=20; Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uM; Antiaflatoxin IC50=3.28 ppm IC50=8.73 uM; Antiaggregant 30 uM; Antiallergic; Antibacterial 20 ug/ml; Anticancer; Antifertility 250 mg/kg/day/60 days/orl rat; Antigingivitic 20 ug/ml; Antiherpetic 23-92 ug/ml; Antihistaminic; Antiimplantation; Antiinflammatory 20 mg/kg 200 mg/kg ipr rat; Antileukemic IC50=3.1 ug/ml; Antilymphocytic; Antimutagenic ID50=10-40 nM; Antioxidant 3/4 quercetin IC50=1.2 ug/ml IC50=40 uM; Antiperiodontic 20 ug/ml; Antiplaque; Antiradicular 7 x quercetin; Antiseptic 20 ug/ml; Antiserotonin 200 mg/kg ipr rat; Antispasmodic; Antistaphylococcic; Antitumor; Antitumor-Promoter; Antiulcer 50-200 mg/kg ipr rat; Antiviral 23-92 ug/ml; Apoptotic 60 uM; Aromatase-Inhibitor IC12=1 uM/l; cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor; Cancer-Preventive; Carcinogenic; Choleretic; Copper-Chelator; COX-2-Inhibitor; Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM) =20; Cytotoxic; Diaphoretic?; Diuretic; Estrogenic EC50=0.1-25 uM/l EC50=0.56 uM; Fungicide 20 ug/ml; Hepatoprotective IC50=1.30 ppm IC50=5.46 uM; HIV-RT-Inhibitor IC50=50-150 ug/ml; Hypotensive; ICAM-1-Inhibitor; iNOS-Inhibitor IC50=13.9 uM IC50=<15 uM; Inotropic; Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor; JNK-Inhibitor; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor; MAO-Inhibitor; Mutagenic; Natriuretic; Neuroprotective; NO-Inhibitor IC50=13.9 uM; PAF-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Protisticide; Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 3 uM; Teratologic; TNF-alpha-Inhibitor IC50=3.99 uM; Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor; Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=8.1 ug/ml; Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=230 uM; Uterotrophic EC50=0.1-25 uM/l; Vasodilator

KILOCALORIES Fruit 920 - 3,574 /kg

No activity reported.

L-OCTACOSANOL Plant:

No activity reported.

L-TRIACONTAOL Plant:

No activity reported.

LATEX Hull Husk 20,000 ppm;

No activity reported.

LAURIC-ACID Fruit 20 - 78 ppm

Antibacterial; Antioxidant IC71=60; Antiviral; Candidicide; COX-1-Inhibitor IC40=100; COX-2-Inhibitor IC20=100; Hypercholesterolemic

LEAD Fruit 0.02 - 0.2 ppm

No activity reported.

LEUCINE Fruit 710 - 2,758 ppm

Antiencephalopathic; Essential

LEUCOCYANIDIN Fruit:

Capillariprotective

LEUCODELPHINIDIN Fruit:

Antiinflammatory; Antineoplastic

LIGNIN Fruit:

Antibacterial; Anticancer; Anticoronary; Antidiarrheic; AntiHIV; Antinitrosaminic; Antioxidant; Antitumor; Antiviral; Chelator; Hypocholesterolemic; Laxative; Pesticide

LINOLEIC-ACID Fruit 560 - 2,176 ppm

5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Antiacne; Antialopecic; Antianaphylactic; Antiandrogenic; Antiarteriosclerotic; Antiarthritic; Anticoronary; Antieczemic; Antifibrinolytic; Antigranular; Antihistaminic; Antiinflammatory IC50=31 uM; Antileukotriene-D4; Antimenorrhagic; AntiMS; Antiprostatitic; Cancer-Preventive; Carcinogenic; Comedolytic; Hepatoprotective; Hypocholesterolemic; Immunomodulator; Insectifuge; Metastatic; Nematicide; Propecic

LIPASE Fruit:

No activity reported.

LUTEIN Fruit 0.033 - 0.1 ppm

Antiatherosclerotic; Anticancer (Breast); Antimaculitic; Antinyctalopic; Antioxidant; Antiproliferant; Antiradicular; Antiretinitic Optometry; Antitumor (Breast); Antitumor (Colon); Colorant; Prooxidant 5-40 ug/g; Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 2.5 ug; Retinoprotectant Optometry; Ubiquiot

LYSINE Fruit 480 - 1,865 ppm

Antialkalotic; Antiherpetic 0.5-3 g/day; Essential; Hypoarginanemic 250 mg/kg

MAGNESIUM Fruit 277 - 1,465 ppm

Antiaggregant 400 mg/day; Antialcoholic; Antianginal; Antianorectic; Antianxiety; Antiarrhythmic; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Antiatherosclerotic; Anticephalagic; AntiCFS; Anticlimacteric 500-750 mg/day; Anticonvulsant; Anticoronary 400 mg/day; Antidepressant; Antidiabetic 400-800 mg/man/day; Antidysmenorrheic 100 mg 4 x/day; Antiendometriotic 500 mg/day; Antienterotic; Antiepileptic 450 mg/day; Antifatigue; Antifibromyalgic 200-300 mg 3x/day; Antigastrotic; Antiglaucomic; Antihyperkinetic; Antihypertensive; Antihypoglycemic; Antiinflammatory 100 mg 4 x/day; Antiinsomniac; Antilithic; AntiLyme 400-1,000 mg; Antimastalgic; Antimenopausal 500-750 mg/day; Antimigraine 200 mg/day/man; Antimitral-valve-prolapse; AntiMS; Antinephrolytic; Antineurotic; Antiosteoporotic 500-1,000 mg/day/wmn/orl; Antiplaque 500-1,000 mg/day; AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn orl 400-800 mg/day/wmn/orl; AntiRaynaud's 280-350 mg/day; Antiretinopathic 400 mg/day; Antispasmodic; Antispasmophilic 500 mg/day; Antistress 500-750 mg/day; Antistroke 400 mg/day; Antisyndrome-X 400 mg/man/day; Anxiolytic 500-750 mg/day; Calcium-Antagonist; Cardioprotective; CNS-Depressant; Diuretic; Hypocholesterolemic 400 mg/day; Hypotensive 260-500 mg/day; Immunomodulator; Insulinogenic 400 mg/day; Laxative 300-500 mg/day; Litholytic; Myorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day; Neurotransmitter; Tranquilizer 500-750 mg/day; Uterorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day; Vasodilator

MALIC-ACID Fruit 530 - 3,730 ppm

Antiatherosclerotic; Antibacterial; Antifibromyalgic 300 mg 3x/day; Antioxidant Synergist; Antiseborrheic; Antiseptic; Antitubercular; Antitumor; Bacteristat; Bruchiphobe; Hemopoietic; Laxative?; Mycobactericide; Pesticide; Sialogogue

MALONIC-ACID Leaf:

Irritant

MALTOSE Fruit:

Antidiabetic; Sweetener 0.32 x sucrose

MALVIDIN Inflorescence:

Antifertility; Antioxidant; Antiperiodontal; Antiplaque; Pigment; Prooxidant

MANGANESE Fruit 1.4 - 18 ppm

Antialcoholic; Antianemic; Antiarthritic; Antidiabetic 10-30 mg/man/day 3-5 mg/day; Antidiscotic; Antidyskinetic; Antiepileptic 450 mg/day; Antiosteoporotic; Antiototic; Antioxidant; AntiPMS; Antisyndrome-X 10-30 mg/man/day; Hypoglycemic

MERCURY Fruit 0.001 - 0.007 ppm

Nephrotoxic

METHIONINE Fruit 110 - 427 ppm

Anticataract; Antidote (Acetaminophen) 10 g/16hr/man/orl; Antidote (Paracetamol); Antieczemic; Antihepatotic; Antioxidant; Antiparkinsonian 1-5 g/day; Cancer-Preventive; Emetic; Essential; Glutathionigenic; Hepatoprotective; Lipotropic; Urine-Acidifier 200 mg/3x/day/man/orl; Urine-Deodorant

MFA Fruit 410 - 1,593 ppm

No activity reported.

MOLYBDENUM Fruit:

Anticancer (Esophagus)?; Antitumor (Esophagus)?

MUFA Fruit 410 - 1,593 ppm

Allergenic; Anemiagenic; Antiinflammatory IC50=21 uM; Antileukotriene-D4; Cancer-Preventive; Choleretic 5 ml/man; Dermatitigenic; FLavor FEMA 1-30; Hypocholesterolemic; Insectifuge; Irritant; Percutaneostimulant; Perfumery

MYRISTIC-ACID Fruit 30 - 117 ppm

Antioxidant IC71=60; Cancer-Preventive; Cosmetic; Hypercholesterolemic; Lubricant; Nematicide

NEO-BETA-CAROTENE-U Hull Husk 0.1 - 0.3 ppm

No activity reported.

NIACIN Flower 6 ppm; Fruit 5 - 23 ppm Hull Husk 50 ppm; Pith 2 ppm;

Allergenic; Antiacrodynic; Antiallergic 50 mg/2x/day; Antialzheimeran; Antiamblyopic; Antianginal; Anticataract; Antichilblain; Anticonvulsant 3 g/day; Antidementia; Antidermatitic; Antidiabetic; Antidysphagic; Antiepileptic; Antihangover 50 mg; Antihistaminic 50 mg 2x/day; Antihyperactivity 1.5-6 g/day; Antiinsomnic 1 g/day; AntiLyme 50 mg/day; AntiMeniere's; Antineuralgic; Antiparkinsonian 100 mg/day; Antipellagric; AntiRaynaud's 1,500-4,000 mg/day; Antiscotomic; Antispasmodic 100 mg 2x/day; Antivertigo; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Circulotonic; Fibrinolytic; Hepatoprotective; Hepatotoxic; Hypocholesterolemic 50-100 mg 3x/day; Hypoglycemic; Hypolipidemic; Sedative; Serotoninergic; Vasodilator

NICKEL Fruit 0.01 - 0.1 ppm

Antiadrenalinic; Anticirrhotic?; Insulin-Sparing

NITROGEN Fruit 1,600 - 15,000 ppm

No activity reported.

NONACOSANE Plant:

Antimutagenic 250 ug/mL; Antiviral

NOREPINEPHRINE Fruit: Hull Husk 122 ppm;

No activity reported.

OBTUSIFOLIOL Fruit:

No activity reported.

OLEIC-ACID Fruit 270 - 1,049 ppm

5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Allergenic; Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Anemiagenic; Antialopecic; Antiandrogenic; Antiinflammatory IC50=21 uM; Antileukotriene-D4; Cancer-Preventive; Choleretic 5 ml/man; Dermatitigenic; FLavor FEMA 1-30; Hypocholesterolemic; Insectifuge; Irritant; Percutaneostimulant; Perfumery; Propecic

OXALIC-ACID Fruit 22 - 5,240 ppm Leaf:

Acaricide; Antiseptic; CNS-Paralytic; Fatal; Hemostatic; Irritant; Pesticide; Renotoxic; Varroacide

OXYGENASE Fruit:

No activity reported.

PALMITIC-ACID Fruit 1,250 - 4,856 ppm

5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Antialopecic; Antiandrogenic; Antifibrinolytic; Antioxidant IC40=60; FLavor FEMA 1; Hemolytic; Hypercholesterolemic; Lubricant; Nematicide; Pesticide; Propecic; Soap

PALMITOLEIC-ACID Fruit 120 - 466 ppm

5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Soap

PANTOTHENIC-ACID Fruit 2.6 - 10.1 ppm

Antiallergic 100-500 mg/day; Antiarthritic 500-2,000 mg/day; Anticephalagic; Anticlaudificant?; Antidermatitic; Antifatigue; Antihypercholesterolemic 300 mg/meal; Antiielus?; Antiinsomniac?; Antirheumatitic?; Cancer-Preventive

PECTIN Fruit 7,000 - 40,000 ppm Hull Husk 3,800 - 12,800 ppm

Antiatheromic 15 g/man/day; Antibacterial; Antidiabetic 10 g/man/day/orl; Antidiarrheic; Antienteritic; Antigallstone; Antigastritic; Antilithic; Antimetastatic; Antimutagenic; Antiobesity; Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Prostate); Antitussive; Antiulcer; Cancer-Preventive; Chemopreventive; Demulcent; Fungicide; Hemostat; Hypocholesterolemic; Hypoglycemic; Peristaltic; Pesticide

PELARGONIDIN Inflorescence:

Antiherpetic; Antioxidant ID50=85-456 uM; Antiviral; Cancer-Preventive; Pesticide; Pigment; Prooxidant

PEONIDIN Inflorescence:

Larvistat; Pesticide; Pigment

PEROXIDASE Fruit:

No activity reported.

PETUNIDIN Inflorescence:

Larvistat; Pesticide; Pigment

PHENYLALANINE Fruit 380 - 1,476 ppm

AntiADD 587 mg/day/orl; Antidepressant 50-4,000 mg/day/man; Antiparkinsonian 200-500 mg/day/man; Antisickling 690 ug/ml; Antivitiligic 100 mg/kg/day/orl/man; Monoamine-Precursor; Tremorigenic 1,600-12,600 mg/man/day

PHOSPHATASE Fruit:

No activity reported.

PHOSPHORIC-ACID Fruit:

Acidulant; Additive; FLavor FEMA 500-5,000; Sequestrant

PHOSPHORUS Flower 500 ppm; Fruit 200 - 1,190 ppm Leaf 2,400 ppm; Pith 100 ppm;

Antiosteoporotic; Anxiolytic; Immunostimulant; Osteogenic

PHYTOSTEROLS Fruit 160 - 622 ppm

Antiprostatotic; Hypocholesterolemic

PIPECOLIC-ACID Fruit:

Herbistat; Pesticide

POTASSIUM Fruit 3,100 - 16,150 ppm

Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker; Antiarrhythmic; Antidepressant; Antifatigue; Antihypertensive; Antispasmodic; Antistroke; Anxiolytic; Beta-Blocker; Cardioprotective 3,000-5,000 mg; Cardiotoxic 18,000 mg/man/day; Diuretic; Hypotensive; Vasodilator

PROLINE Fruit 400 - 1,554 ppm

No activity reported.

PROTEASE Fruit:

No activity reported.

PROTEIN Flower 61,000 ppm; Fruit 10,040 - 41,026 ppm Leaf 99,000 ppm; Pith 5,000 ppm; Shoot 18,930 - 255,900 ppm Sprout Seedling 24,000 ppm;

No activity reported.

PUFA Fruit 890 - 3,458 ppm

Antiacne; Antieczemic; AntiMS; Antipolyneuritic

PYRUVIC-ACID Leaf:

FLavor FEMA 1-110

QUERCETIN Fruit: Plant:

11B-HSD-Inhibitor; 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM)=4; Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC70-96=10 uM; Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uM 4 ug/ml IC50=0.344 uM IC50=0.84 ug/ml cow; Allelochemic IC82=1 mM; Allergenic; Analgesic; Antiaflatoxin IC50=25 uM IC50=7.5 ppm; Antiaggregant 30 uM IC50=55 uM; Antiaging; Antiallergic IC50=14 uM; Antialzheimeran; Antianaphylactic; Antiangiogenic; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Antiatherosclerotic; Antibacterial; Anticarcinomic (Breast) IC50=1.5 uM; Anticariogenic ID50=120 ug/ml; Anticataract; Anticolitic 400 mg/man/3x/day; Anticomplementary; AntiCrohn's; Anticystitic 1,000 mg/day/4 weeks; Antidepressant; Antidermatitic; Antidiabetic; Antielastase IC50=0.8 ug/ml; Antiencephalitic; Antiescherichic; Antiestrogenic; Antifeedant IC52=<1,000 ppm diet; Antifibrosarcomic; Antiflu; Antigastric; Antigonadotropic; AntiGTF ID50=120 ug/ml; Antihepatotoxic; Antiherpetic 48-150 ug/ml; Antihistaminic IC50=<10 uM; AntiHIV; Antihydrophobic; Antihypertensive; Antiinflammatory 20-150 mg/kg; Antileishmanic IC50=64; Antileukemic 5.5-60 uM IC50=10 uM IC50=>10 ug/ml; Antileukotriene; Antilipoperoxidant IC67=50; Antimalarial IC50=1-6.4 ug/ml; Antimelanomic; Antimetastatic; Antimutagenic ID50=0.62 ug/ml ID50=2-5 nM; Antimyocarditic; Antinitrosaminic; Antinociceptive; Antioxidant 4.7 x Vit. E ED50=2.3 uM IC47=10 uM IC96=300 ppm; Antipancreatitic; Antiperiodontal; Antiperistaltic; Antipermeability; Antiperoxidant; Antipharyngitic; Antiplaque; Antiplasmodial IC50=13-64; AntiPMS 500 mg/2x/day/wmn; Antipodriac; Antipolio; Antiproliferant 10 nM; Antiprostanoid; Antiprostatitic; Antipsoriac; Antiradicular IC50=4.6 uM; Antispasmodic; Antistreptococcic ID50=120 ug/ml; Antithiamin; Antithrombic; Antitrypanosomic IC50=13; Antitumor 10 uM; Antitumor (Bladder); Antitumor (Breast); Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Lung); Antitumor (Ovary); Antitumor (Skin) 20 uM; Antitumor-Promoter; Antiulcer; Antiviral 48-150 ug/ml IC50=10 uM; Apoptotic 20-60 uM; ATPase-Inhibitor; Bacteristat 10 mg/ml; Bradycardiac; Calmodulin-Antagonist; cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor; Cancer-Preventive; Candidicide; Capillariprotective; Carcinogenic 40,000 ppm (diet) mus; Catabolic; COMT-Inhibitor; Copper-Chelator; COX-2-Inhibitor <40 uM; Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor; Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor; Cytotoxic ED50=70 ug/ml IC82=100 ug/ml; Deiodinase-Inhibitor; Diaphoretic?; Differentiator 5.5 uM; Estrogenic 10% genistein; Fungicide; Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor ID50=120 ug/ml; Hemostat; Hepatomagenic 5,000 ppm (diet) rat; Hepatoprotective; HIV-RT-Inhibitor IC50=<1 ug/ml; Hypoglycemic 100 mg/kg orl rat; iNOS-Inhibitor IC50=20 uM; Inotropic; Insulinogenic; Juvabional; Larvistat 8,000 ppm diet; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC11=1.25 mM IC50=0.1-5 uM; MAO-A-Inhibitor; Mast-Cell-Stabilizer; Metal-Chelator (Copper); Metalloproteinase-Inhibitor IC50=>42 uM; MMP-9-Inhibitor 20 uM; Mutagenic; NADH-Oxidase-Inhibitor; NEP-Inhibitor IC50=>42 uM; Neuroprotective 5-25 uM; NF-kB-Inhibitor; NO-Inhibitor IC50=20 uM IC>50=125 uM; NO-Synthase-Inhibitor 5-50 uM; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor <10 uM; P450-Inducer 5 uM; P450-Inhibitor 50-100 uM; Pesticide; PGE2-Inhibitor; Phospholipase-Inhibitor; Plasmodicide; Proliferant; Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 40 ug/ml; Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor; PTK-Inhibitor 0.4-24 uM; Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 13 uM 6 uM; Teratologic; TNF-alpha-Inhibitor IC50=3.11 uM; Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor IC50=12.8 ug/ml IC50=42 uM; Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=1-6.9 ug/ml IC50=23-40 uM; Tumorigenic 0.1% diet orl rat/yr; Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=70 uM; Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor; Vasodilator; VEGF-Inhibitor; Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor 3.1 uM IC50=10.6 ug/ml IC50=>0.4 ug/ml

QUINIC-ACID Fruit:

Choleretic

RHAMNOSE Fruit:

No activity reported.

RIBOFLAVIN Fruit 1 - 3.9 ppm

Antiarabiflavinotic 2-10 mg/day orl; Anticarpal-Tunnel 50 mg/day; Anticataract 15 mg/day; Anticephalagic; Anticervicaldysplasic 1.6-10 mg/day; Anticheilitic; Antidecubitic; Antiglossitic; Antikeratitic; AntiLyme 50 mg/day; Antimigraine; Antioxidant; Antipellagric; Antiphotophobic; Cancer-Preventive

RUBIDIUM Fruit 2.5 - 20 ppm

No activity reported.

RUTIN Fruit:

5-HT-Inhibitor; Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC27-52=10 uM; Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uM 4 ug/ml; Allelochemic; Antiaggregant ED50=33 nmol/kg iv; Antiallergic; Antiapoplectic; Antiatherogenic; Antiatherosclerotic; Antibacterial; Anticancer; Anticapillary-Fragility 20-100 mg orl man; Anticataract; Anticlastogen; Anticonvulsant; AntiCVI 270 mg/man/day; Antidementia; Antidermatitic; Antidiabetic; Antiedemic 270 mg/day orl man; Antierythemic; Antifeedant; Antiglaucomic 60 mg/day; Antihematuric; Antihemorrhoidal; Antihepatotoxic; Antiherpetic; Antihistaminic; Antihypertensive; Antiinflammatory 20 mg/kg; Antimalarial IC50=>100 ug/ml; Antimelanomic; Antimetastatic; Antimutagenic ID50=2-5 nM; Antinephritic; Antinociceptive; Antioxidant IC28=30 ppm IC50=120 uM IC54=10 uM; Antiperoxidant IC50=10-20 uM; Antiplatelet; Antiproliferant 50-75 uM/l; Antiprotozoal; Antipurpuric; Antiradicular 9 x quercetin; Antispasmodic; Antisunburn; Antithrombogenic EC50=500 nM; Antithyroid IC50=68 uM; Antitrypanosomic 100 mg/kg; Antitumor; Antitumor-Promoter; Antiulcer; Antivaricose; Antiviral; Apoptotic 75 uM/l; cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor; Cancer-Preventive; Capillariprotective; Catabolic; Chemopreventive; Cytoprotective IC50=3 uM; Estrogenic?; Hemostat; Hepatomagenic 20,000 ppm (diet) rat; Hepatoprotective 20 mg/kg rat; Hypocholesterolemic; Hypotensive; Immunomodulator; Insecticide; Insectiphile; Juvabional; Larvistat IC95=4,000-8,000 ppm diet; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC75=2.5 mM; Mutagenic; Myoprotective; Myorelaxant; Oviposition-Stimulant; PAF-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Protisticide; Radioprotective; Sunscreen; Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=1 ug/ml; Vasodilator; Vasopressor

SELENIUM Fruit 0.001 - 0.04 ppm

Analgesic 200 ug/day; Anorexic; Antiacne; Antiaggregant; Antiangiogenic 2 uM 230 ug/kg orl rat; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Antiatherosclerotic; Anticataract 400 ug/day; Anticirrhotic; Anticlimacteric 200 ug/day; Anticoronary; Antidandruff; Antidepressant; Antidote (Mercury); Antifibrotic 400 ug; Antigout 200 ug; AntiHIV; Antikeshan; Antileukemic 1.6 mg/kg ipr mus; Antileukotriene; Antimaculitic; Antimelanomic 480 ug/kg; Antimenopausal 200 ug/day; Antimetastatic 480 ug/kg; Antimyalgic 200 ug/day; AntiNF-kB; Antiosteoarthritic; Antioxidant 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day; Antiparkinsonian 200-400 ug/day; Antiproliferant 2 uM; Antiradicular 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day; Antirheumatic; Antisyndrome-X; Antitumor; Antitumor (brain) 38-150 ug/kg; Antitumor (Breast) 0.8 mg/kg scu mus 150 ug/kg diet rat 230 ug/kg orl rat 333.6 ug/day; Antitumor (Lung) 240 ug/kg diet; Antitumor (Prostate); Antiulcerogenic; Anxiolytic; AP-1-Inhibitor 2-50 uM; Apoptotic; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective 200 ug/day; Depressant; Fungicide; Immunomodulator; Immunostimulant 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day; NF-kB-Inhibitor; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Polyamine-Synthesis-Inhibitor; Prostaglandin-Sparer; Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor IC50=2-50 uM; VEGF-Inhibitor

SERINE Fruit 470 - 1,826 ppm

Cancer-Preventive

SEROTONIN Fruit: Hull Husk 47 - 93 ppm

Abortifacient; Analgesic 0.1 mg/rat ith; Antiaggregant; Antialzheimeran?; Anticholinesterase; Anticonvulsant 50 mg/kg scu rat; Antidepressant; Antiendotoxic 32.5 mg/kg ipr mus; Antigastric; Antigastrisecretogogic; Antipredatory; Antireserpine 12.5 mg/kg ipr mus; Antiscoliotic 0.1% diet; Bronchoconstrictor 0.006 mg/kg ivn gpg; Cardiovascular 0.003 mg/kg ivn rat; Coagulant; Euphoriant; Myorelaxant; Myostimulant; Neurotransmitter; Oxytocic; Succinic-Dehydrogenase-Inhibitor; Teratogenic; Ulcerogenic 20 mg/kg ipr rat; Vasoactive; Vasoconstrictor

SFA Fruit 1,850 - 7,187 ppm

No activity reported.

SHIKIMIC-ACID Leaf:

Analgesic; Anticancer; Anticonvulsant; Antioxidant 7 x quercetin; Antiradicular; Antispasmodic; Antitumor; Antitumor-Promoter; Bruchifuge; Cancer-Preventive; Carcinogenic; Ileorelaxant; Mutagenic; Pesticide

SILICA Fruit 238 ppm;

No activity reported.

SILICON Fruit 70 - 350 ppm

Antiarteriosclerotic; Antionychyotic; Antiosteoporotic; Cardioprotective

SITOINDOSIDE Fruit:

No activity reported.

SITOSATEROL Fruit:

No activity reported.

SODIUM Fruit 6 - 44 ppm

Hypertensive

STARCH Fruit 7,000 - 17,500 ppm Stem 50,000 ppm;

Absorbent; Antidote (Iodine); Antinesidioblastosic; Emollient; Poultice

STEARIC-ACID Fruit 60 - 233 ppm

5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Cosmetic; FLavor FEMA 2-4,000; Hypocholesterolemic; Lubricant; Perfumery; Propecic; Suppository

STIGMASTEROL Fruit:

Antihepatotoxic; Antiinflammatory; Antinociceptive; Antiophidic 2.3 mg ipr mus; Antioxidant IC33=10 uM; Antiviral; Artemicide LC50=110 ppm; Cancer-Preventive; Estrogenic; Hypocholesterolemic; Ovulant; Sedative

SUCCINIC-ACID Fruit: Leaf:

Additive FEMA 200-2,000; Antifeedant; Bruchiphobe; Cancer-Preventive; Dye; Perfumery; Pesticide

SUCROSE Fruit 119,000 ppm;

Aggregant; Antihiccup 1 tsp; Antiophthalmic; Antioxidant; Atherogenic; Collyrium; Demulcent; Flatugenic; Hypercholesterolemic; Preservative; Sweetener 1 x sucrose; Triglycerigenic; Uricogenic; Vulnerary

SULFUR Fruit 78 - 500 ppm

Acarifuge; Antiacne; Antiarthritic; Antidandruff; Antigrey; Antiosteoarthritic; Antiseborrheic; Antiseptic; Comedogenic; Keratolytic; Laxative; Parasiticide; Pesticide; Scabicide

TARTARIC-ACID Fruit:

Acidifier; Additive; Antioxidant Synergist; FLavor FEMA 500-10,000; Irritant; Sequestrant

THIAMIN Fruit 0.45 - 1.7 ppm

Analgesic 1-4 g/day; Antialcoholic 50-100 mg/day; Antialzheimeran 100-3,000 mg/day; Antianorectic; Antibackache 1-4 g/day; Antiberiberi; Anticanker; Anticardiospasmic; Anticataract; Anticolitic; Antidecubitic; Antideliriant; Antidementia; Antidyspeptic; Antiencephalopathic; Antifatigue; Antigastritic; Antihangover 50 mg; Antiheartburn; Antiherpetic; AntiLyme; Antimigraine; Antimyocarditic; Antineuralgic 1-4 g/day; Antineurasthenic; Antineuritic; Antineuropathic 50 mg; Antipoliomyelitic; Insectifuge 75-150 mg/man/day; Neuroprotective; Pesticide

THREONINE Fruit 340 - 1,321 ppm

Antioxidant?; Antiulcer; Essential; FLavor FEMA 1,000

TOCOPHEROL Fruit 2 - 11 ppm

5-HETE-Inhibitor; Allergenic; Analgesic 100 IU 3 x day; Antiaggregant; Antiaging; Antialzheimeran 2,000 IU; Antianginal 1,067 mg/man/day; Antiarteriosclerotic; Antiarthritic; Antiatherosclerotic; Antibronchitic; Anticancer (Breast) IC50=125 ug/ml; Anticariogenic; Anticataract; Antichorea; Antichoreic; Anticonvulsant; Anticoronary 100-200 IU/day; Antidecubitic; Antidementia; Antidermatitic; Antidiabetic 600-1,200 mg/day; Antidysmenorrheic; Antiepitheleomic; Antifibrositic; Antiglycosation; Antiherpetic; Antiinfertility; Antiinflammatory; Antiischemic; Antileukemic 100-250 uM; Antileukotriene; Antilithic 600 mg/day; Antilupus; Antimaculitic; Antimastalgic; AntiMD; Antimelanomic; AntiMS; Antimyoclonic; Antineuritic; Antineuropathic; Antinitrosaminic; Antiophthalmic; Antiosteoarthritic; Antioxidant IC36=10 uM IC50=30 ug/ml IC95=650 uM; Antiparkinsonian; AntiPMS 300 IU 2 x day; Antiproliferant IC50=150 ug/ml; Antiradicular; Antiretinopathic?; Antirheumatic; Antisenility; Antisickling; Antispasmodic 300 mg/man/day; Antisterility; Antistroke; Antisunburn; Antisyndrome-X; Antithalassemic; Antithrombotic 600 IU/day; Antithromboxane-B2; Antitoxemic; Antitumor 7 uM ckn; Antitumor (Breast) 100-250 uM IC50=125 ug/ml; Antitumor (Colorectal) 500-10,000 uM; Antitumor (Prostate) 100-250 uM; Antitumor (Stomach); Antiulcerogenic 67 mg/man/3 x/day/orl; Apoptotic 100-250 uM; Calcium-Antagonist; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Cerebroprotective; Circulatory-Stimulant; Circulotonic; Hepatoprotective; Hypocholesterolemic 100-450 IU/man/day; Hypoglycemic 600 IU/man/day; Immunomodulator; Immunostimulant 60-800 IU; Insulin-Sparing 1,000 IU; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor; NO-Inhibitor; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor 400 mg/kg; P21-Inducer 500-10,000 uM; Phospholipase-A2-Inhibitor; Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor 10-50 uM IC50=450 uM; Vasodilator

TRYPTOPHAN Fruit 120 - 466 ppm

Analgesic 750 mg/4x/day/orl/man; Antianxiety 500-1,000 mg/meal; Antidementia 3 g/day; Antidepressant 1-3 g/3x/day/orl/man; Antidyskinetic 2-8 g/orl/wmn/day; Antihypertensive; Antiinsomniac 1-3 g/day; Antimanic 12 g/man/day/orl; Antimenopausal 6 g/day; Antimigraine 500 mg/man/4x/day; Antioxidant 125 ug/ml; Antiparkinsonian 2 g 3 x/day; Antiphenylketonuric; Antiprostaglandin 250 pg/ml; Antipsychotic 12 g/man/day; Antirheumatic; Antiscoliotic; Carcinogenic; Essential; Hypnotic; Hypoglycemic; Hypotensive 3 g/day; Insulinase-Inhibitor; Insulinotonic; Monoamine-Precursor; Prolactinogenic; Sedative 3-10 g/man/day; Serotoninergic 6-12 g/day/orl/man; Tumor-Promoter

TYROSINE Fruit 240 - 932 ppm

Antidepressant?; Antiencephalopathic; Antiparkinsonian 100 mg/kg/day; Antiphenylketonuric; Antiulcer 256 mg scu 400 mg/kg ipr rat; Cancer-Preventive; Monoamine-Precursor

VALINE Fruit 470 - 1,826 ppm

Antiencephalopathic; Essential; FLavor FEMA 1,000-2,000

VANILLIC-ACID Plant:

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uM/l; Allelopathic; Anthelmintic; Antibacterial 1.5-15 mg/ml; Anticancer; Antifatigue; Antiinflammatory; Antileukemic IC50=25-56 ug/ml; Antioxidant 1/3 BHA IC21=30 ppm; Antiperoxidant IC15-65=100-200 ug/ml; Antiradicular 7 x quercetin; Antiseptic; Antisickling; Antitumor; Antitumor-Promoter; Ascaricide; Cancer-Preventive; Choleretic; Fungicide; Immunosuppressant; Laxative; Pesticide; Ubiquiot

VIT-B-6 Fruit 6 - 22.5 ppm

No activity reported.

WATER Bulb 902,000 ppm; Flower 902,000 ppm; Fruit 738,790 - 746,410 ppm Latex Exudate 114,600 ppm; Pith 883,000 ppm; Shoot 926,000 ppm;

No activity reported.

XANTHOPHYLLS Hull Husk 1 - 7.3 ppm

No activity reported.

XYLOSE Fruit:

Antidiabetic; Diagnostic; Dye

ZINC Fruit 1.5 - 10 ppm

ACE-Inhibitor; Analgesic; Antiacne 135 mg/day; Antiacrodermatitic 8-34 mg/day/orl/chd; Antialcoholic; Antialopecic; Antialzheimeran 50 mg/day; Antiangiogenic; Antianorexic; Antiarthritic 50 mg/3x/day/orl/man; AntiBPH 25-60 mg/day; Anticanker 100 mg/day; Anticataract 30 mg/day; Anticoeliac; Anticold 50 mg; Anticolitic; Anticoronary 30 mg/day; AntiCrohn's; Antidandruff; Antidementia; Antidiabetic; Antidote (Cadmium); Antidysgeuzic; Antieczemic 150 mg/day; Antiencephalopathic; Antiepileptic 100 mg/day; Antifibrotic 30 mg; Antifuruncular 45 mg/3x/day/man; Antihangover 15 mg; Antiherpetic? 25-60 mg/day; AntiHIV; Antiimpotence; Antiinfective 50 mg/day; Antiinfertility 60 mg/day; Antiinsomniac; Antilepric; Antileukonychic; Antilymphomic; Antimaculitic; Antimetastatic; Antineuropathic; Antinyctalopic; Antiobesity 30 mg/day; Antiosteoporotic; Antiperiodontitic; Antiplaque; Antiprolactin; Antiprostatitic 50 mg/man/day/orl; Antirheumatic; Antiseptic 50 mg/day; Antispare-Tire 30 mg/day; Antistomatitic 50 mg/man/3x/day; Antisyndrome-X 30 mg/day; Antitinnitic 60-120 mg/day; Antitriglyceride 30 mg/day; Antiulcer 50 mg/3x/day/man 88 mg/rat/day/15 days; Antiviral?; Astringent; Collagenic; Copper-Antagonist; Deodorant; Detoxicant (Alcohol); Ergogenic; Hypotensive 30 mg/day; Immunomodulator; Immunostimulant; Immunosuppressant 300 mg/day/6 wks/orl/man; Insulinogenic 30 mg/day; Leptingenic 30-60 mg/man/day; Mucogenic; NF-kB-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Spermigenic 60 mg/day; Testosteronigenic; Trichomonicide; Vulnerary

---

ppm = parts per million
tr = trace