Observations placeholder
Dr Duke's list of Chemicals and their Biological Activities in: Mentha x piperita subsp. nothosubsp. piperita (Lamiaceae) -- Peppermint
Identifier
019414
Type of Spiritual Experience
Background
A description of the experience
Chemicals and their Biological Activities in: Mentha x piperita subsp. nothosubsp. piperita (Lamiaceae) -- Peppermint
Chemicals
(+)-ALPHA-PINENE Leaf 14 - 145 ppm
No activity reported.
(+)-ISOMINTLACTONE Leaf 0.03 - 0.3 ppm
No activity reported.
(+)-LIMONENE Leaf 160 - 1,590 ppm
No activity reported.
(+)-PULEGONE Leaf 440 ppm;
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=0.9 mM IC50=136 ug/ml; Irritant ZEB; Perfumery
1,3-DIMETHYL-CYCLOHEXANONE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
1,4-DIMETHOXY-BENZENE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
1,8-CINEOLE Leaf 45 - 1,390 ppm
(-)-Chronotropic 87 nl/ml; (-)-Inotropic; Acaricide LC100=6 uM; Allelopathic; Allergenic; Anesthetic; Anthelmintic; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=41 ug/ml; Antiallergic; Antibacterial 50 ppm; Antibronchitic; Anticariogenic; Anticatarrh; Anticholinesterase IC50=50-70; Antifatigue; Antihalitosic; Antiinflammatory; Antilaryngitic; Antinociceptive; Antipharyngitic; Antiplaque; Antirheumatic; Antirhinitic; Antiseptic; Antisinusitic; Antispasmodic; Antistaphylococcic 50 ppm; Antitussive; Antiulcer; Candidicide; Carcinogenic; Choleretic; CNS-Stimulant; Convulsant; Counterirritant; Cytochrome-P450-Inducer; Decongestant; Degranulant 0.3 ul/ml; Dentifrice; Edemagenic inj; Expectorant; FLavor FEMA 1-200; Fungicide; Gastroprotective; Gram(+)icide; Gram(-)icide; Hepatotonic; Herbicide IC50=78 uM; Hypotensive; Inflammatory inj; Insectifuge; Irritant; Myorelaxant; Nematicide; Neurotoxic; P450-Inducer; Pediculicide 2.3 x pyrethrin; Perfume; Pesticide; Rubefacient; Secretogogue; Sedative; Spasmogenic; Surfactant; Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer; Transdermal; Trichomonicide LD100=1,000 ug/ml
1-MENTHYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE Plant:
No activity reported.
2,6-DIMETHYL-PYRIDINE Leaf:
No activity reported.
2-BUTYL-ISOVALERIC-ACID-METHYL-ESTER Leaf 2 - 20 ppm
No activity reported.
2-ETHYL-HEX-AN-1-OL Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
2-HYDROXY-BENZALDEHYDE Leaf 0.003 - 0.03 ppm
No activity reported.
2-METHYL-BUT-2-EN-1-AL Leaf 0.007 - 0.07 ppm
No activity reported.
2-METHYL-BUTYRIC-ACID-METHYL-ESTER Leaf 0.004 - 0.04 ppm
No activity reported.
2-METHYL-CINNAMALDEHYDE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
2-PHENYLETHANOL Leaf 0.2 - 2 ppm
No activity reported.
2-PHENYLETHANOL-ACETATE Leaf 0.05 - 0.5 ppm
No activity reported.
2-PHENYLETHANOL-BUTYRATE Leaf 0.05 - 0.5 ppm
No activity reported.
2-PHENYLETHANOL-ISOBUTYRATE Leaf 0.05 - 0.5 ppm
No activity reported.
2-PHENYLETHANOL-N-VALERATE Leaf 0.4 - 4 ppm
No activity reported.
2-PROPYL-5-PHENYL-PYRIDINE Leaf:
No activity reported.
3(5',5'-DIMETHYL-TETRAHYDROFURAN-2'-YL)-BUT-CIS-2-EN-1-OL Essential Oil 1.15 - 2.94 ppm
No activity reported.
3,4-DIMETHOXY-BENZALDEHYDE Leaf 0.002 - 0.02 ppm
No activity reported.
3,4-DIMETHOXY-SUDACHIUTIN Leaf:
No activity reported.
3,4-DIMETHYL-PSEUDACHITIN Leaf:
No activity reported.
3,4-DIMETHYL-SUDACHITIN Leaf:
No activity reported.
3,6-DIMETHYL-6-OXO-OCTANOIC-ACID Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
3,6-DIMETHYL-7-OXO-OCTANOIC-ACID Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
3,6-DIMETHYL-7-OXO-OCTANOIC-ACID-ETHYL-ESTER Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
3-METHYL-CYCLOHEXANONE Leaf 0.4 - 4 ppm
No activity reported.
3-PHENYL-4-PROPYL-PYRIDINE Leaf:
No activity reported.
3-PHENYL-PYRIDINE Leaf:
No activity reported.
4-HYDROXY-4-METHYL-CYCLOHEX-2-EN-1-ONE Leaf 0.07 - 0.7 ppm
No activity reported.
4-METHYL-2-PHENYL-PENT-2-EN-1-AL Leaf 0.006 - 0.06 ppm
No activity reported.
5,6-DIHYDROXY-3',4',7,8-TETRAMETHOXY-FLAVONE Leaf:
No activity reported.
5-ETHYL-2-METHYL-PYRIDINE Leaf:
No activity reported.
5-HYDROXY-3',4',6,7-TETRAMETHOXY-FLAVONE Leaf:
No activity reported.
5-METHYL-2-(2'-OXO-3'-BUTYL)-PHENOL Leaf 0.05 - 3.85 ppm
No activity reported.
5-METHYL-2-(3'-OXO-3'-PENTYL)-PHENOL Leaf 0.01 - 0.04 ppm
No activity reported.
5-METHYL-2-PHENYL-HEX-2-EN-1-AL Leaf 0.003 - 0.03 ppm
No activity reported.
5-METHYL-HEPTAN-3-ONE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
5-O-DEMETHYL-NOBILETIN Leaf:
No activity reported.
6-METHYL-HEPT-5-EN-2-ONE Leaf 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
No activity reported.
6-METHYL-JASMONATE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
ACETALDEHYDE Plant:
Addictive 8 ug/kg; Fungicide; Perfumery FEMA 4-25; Pesticide; Respiraparalytic; Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=43 ug/ml
ACETIC-ACID Plant:
Acidulant; Antibacterial 5,000 ppm; Antiotitic; Antisalmonella; Antivaginitic 1-2%; Expectorant; Fungicide; Keratitigenic; Mucolytic; Osteolytic; Perfumery FEMA 6,000-40,000 ppm; Pesticide; Protisticide; Spermicide; Ulcerogenic; Verrucolytic
ALPHA-AMORPHENE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
ALPHA-CADINENE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
ALPHA-CAROTENE Plant:
Anticancer; Anticancer (Liver); Anticancer (Lung); Anticancer (Skin); Antiproliferant 10 x beta-carotene; Colorant; Previtamin-A
ALPHA-COPAENE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
ALPHA-GURJUNENE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
ALPHA-PINENE Leaf 5 - 230 ppm
Allelochemic; Allergenic; Antiacne; Antibacterial; Antifeedant; Antiflu; Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg; Antipneumonic; Antiseptic; Antispasmodic; Antistaphylococcic; Antiviral; Cancer-Preventive; Coleoptophile; Expectorant; FLavor FEMA 15-150; Herbicide IC50=30 uM; Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly; Insectifuge 50 ppm; Insectiphile; Irritant; P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM; Perfumery; Pesticide; Sedative; Spasmogenic; Tranquilizer; Transdermal
ALPHA-TERPINENE Plant 20 ppm;
Acaricide; ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity); Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.0 mM; Antinitrosaminic; Antispasmodic; FLavor FEMA 1-40; Insecticide 0.86 uM/fly; Insectifuge; P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.76 uM; Perfumery; Pesticide; Spasmogenic
ALPHA-TERPINEOL Essential Oil:
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity); Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml; Allelopathic; Antiacne; Antibacterial MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml; Anticancer; Anticariogenic; Antiinflammatory; Antiproliferant; Antiseptic; Cicatrizant ED50=240 ug/g mus; FLavor FEMA 5-40; Insecticide 1.29 uM/fly; Interleukin-6-Inhibitor; Mosquitofuge > Deet; Motor-Depressant; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; Perfumery; Pesticide; Sedative; Termiticide IC100=5 mg/g; Transdermal; Vulnerary ED50=240 ug/g mus
ALPHA-THUJONE Essential Oil:
Abortifacient; Antibacterial; Emmenagogue; Insecticide; Larvicide; Pesticide
ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL Plant:
Antialzheimeran; Antianginal; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Antiatherosclerotic; Anticancer; Anticataract; Anticonvulsant Synergen; Antidementia; Antidiabetic; Antiinfarctal; Antiinfertility; Antiischemic; Antimaculitic; Antimutagenic; Antineuropathic; Antioxidant 5 x quercetin IC34=10 uM; Antiparkinsonian; Antiradicular 5 x quercetin; Antiretinotic; Antirheumatic; Antistroke; Antitumor; Antitumor (Bladder); Antitumor (Prostate); Antitumor (Stomach); Antitumor-Promoter; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Circulotonic; Immunomodulator
ALUMINUM Leaf 62 ppm;
Antisilicotic; Antivaginitic; Candidicide; Encephalopathic; Pesticide
AMYL-ALCOHOL Plant:
FLavor FEMA 35-3,500 ppm
AMYL-VALERATE Leaf 0.1 - 1 ppm
No activity reported.
ANETHOLE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
Allergenic; Antibacterial MBC=200 ug/ml; Antigenotoxic 40-400 mg/kg orl mus; Antihepatotic; Antiinflammatory; AntiNF-kB; Antioxidant; Antiradicular; Antisalmonella MIC=200 ug/ml; Antiseptic 200 ug/ml; Antispasmodic; AntiTNF; Antitumor; Antiyeast; Cancer-Preventive; Candidicide; Carminative; Dermatitigenic; Digestive; Estrogenic; Expectorant; Fungicide; Gastrostimulant; Hepatotoxic 695 mg/kg orl mus/days; Immunostimulant; Insecticide; Irritant; Lactagogue; Leucocytogenic; Mutagenic; Nephroprotective; Pesticide; Secretogogue; Secretolytic; Sweetener 13 x sucrose; Sympathomimetic
ASH Leaf 141,000 ppm;
No activity reported.
AZULENE Plant:
Antiallergic; Antibacterial 500 ppm; Antihistaminic; Antiinflammatory; Antipyretic; Antiseptic 6-500; Antispasmodic; Antiulcer ED50=150 (orl); Hepatoregenerative; Pesticide
BENZOIC-ACID Leaf 0.02 - 0.2 ppm
Allergenic; Anesthetic; Antibacterial 33-1,250 ppm MBC=800 ug/ml; Antiotitic; Antipyretic; Antisalmonella MIC=800 ug/ml; Antiseptic 800 ug/ml; Antiyeast MFC=1,600 ug/ml; Choleretic; Expectorant; FLavor FEMA 250; Fungicide MFC=1,600 ug/ml; Insectifuge; Pesticide; Phytoalexin; Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=640 uM ID50=710 uM; Uricosuric; Vulnerary
BENZYL-ALCOHOL Leaf 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
Allergenic; Anesthetic; Antiodontalgic; Antipruritic; Antiseptic; FLavor Fema 200-1,200; Fungicide; Pesticide; Sedative
BENZYL-CYANIDE Leaf 0.002 - 0.02 ppm
No activity reported.
BETA-BETULENOL Plant:
No activity reported.
BETA-CAROTENE Leaf 237 ppm;
Allergenic; Androgenic?; Antiacne; Antiaging; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Anticancer; Anticarcinomic; Anticervicaldysplasic; Anticoronary 50 mg/man/2 days; Antihyperkeratotic; Antiichythyotic; Antileukoplakic; Antilipoperoxidant IC71=50 ug/ml; Antilupus 150 mg/man/day/2 mos; Antimaculitic; Antimastitic; Antimutagenic; Antioxidant; Antiozenic; Antipapillomic; Antiphotophobic 30-300 mg/man/day; Antipityriasic; AntiPMS; Antiporphyric; Antiproliferant; Antipsoriac; Antiradicular; Antirheumatic; Antistress; Antitumor; Antitumor (Breast) IC45=60 ug/ml; Antitumor (CNS) IC43=45 ug/ml; Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Lung) IC30=60 ug/ml; Antitumor (Prostate); Antitumor (Stomach) IC26=45 ug/ml; Antiulcer 12 mg 3x/day/man/orl 15,000-25,000 IU/day; Antixerophthalmic; Cancer-Preventive 22 ppm; Chemopreventive; Colorant; COX-1-Inhibitor IC78=50 ug/ml; COX-2-Inhibitor IC82=50 ug/ml; Gastroprotective; Immunostimulant 180 mg/man/day/orl; Interferon-Synergist; Mucogenic; Phagocytotic; Prooxidant 20 ug/g; Thymoprotective; Ubiquiot
BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE Leaf 8 - 80 ppm
No activity reported.
BETA-COPAENE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
BETA-IONONE Leaf 0.3 - 3 ppm
Allergenic; Antibacterial MIC=200 ug/ml; Anticariogenic MIC=100 ug/ml; Antimelanomic IC50=140 uM/l; Antitumor; Cancer-Preventive; Cytochrome-P450-Inducer; Fungicide; Hypocholesterolemic; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; P450-Inducer; Pesticide; Trichomonicide LD100=100 ug/ml
BETA-PINENE Leaf 10 - 400 ppm
Allergenic; Antiinflammatory; Antiseptic; Antispasmodic; Candidicide; FLavor FEMA 15-600; Herbicide; Insectifuge; Irritant; Perfumery; Pesticide; Spasmogenic; Transdermal
BETA-THUJONE Essential Oil:
Abortifacient; Antibacterial; Emmenagogue; Insectifuge; Pesticide
BETA-YLANGENE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
BETAINE Leaf:
Abortifacient; Antigastritic; Antihomocystinuric; Antimyoatrophic; Bruchiphobe; Cardioprotective; Diuretic; Emmenagogue; Ethanolytic; Expectorant; Hepatoprotective; Lipotropic; Mucogenic; Pesticide
BICYCLOELEMENE Plant:
No activity reported.
BISABOLENE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
BOVOLIDE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
BUTAN-2-ONE Essential Oil 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
CADINENE Essential Oil:
Antifeedant; FLavor FEMA 400-4,000; Perfumery; Pesticide
CAFFEIC-ACID Shoot:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 ug/ml (weak activity); Allergenic; Analgesic; Antiadenoviral; Antiaggregant; Antiaging; Antiatherogenic; Antibacterial; Anticancer; Anticarcinogenic; Antidepressant; Antiedemic; Antielastase IC50=86 ug/ml (475 uM) IC50=93 um/l; Antiescherichic; Antiflu; Antigonadotropic; Antihemolytic 25 uM; Antihepatoadenomic 200 ppm diet orl mus; Antihepatotoxic; Antiherpetic 50 ug/ml EC50=>50 ug/ml; Antihistaminic; AntiHIV EC50=200 ug/ml; Antihypercholesterolemic; Antihyperthyroid; Antiinflammatory; AntiLegionella; Antileukemic; Antileukotriene; Antimelanogenic; Antimutagenic; Antinitrosaminic; Antiophidic; Antioxidant 1.3 x Vit. E 1/2 BHA 1/3 quercetin 30 mM 50 uM IC57=30 ppm; Antiperoxidant IC35=200 ug/ml IC50=44 uM IC85=100 ug/ml; Antiproliferant; Antiprostaglandin; Antiradicular 1/3 quercetin 10 uM 30 mM IC50=32-35 uM; Antiseptic; Antispasmodic EC50=3.4-15 uM; Antistaphylococcic; Antistomatitic; Antisunburn; Antithiamin; Antithyroid; Antitumor 200 ppm diet orl mus; Antitumor (Skin); Antitumor-Promoter IC42=10 uM; Antiulcerogenic; Antivaccinia; Antiviral IC50=62.5 ug/ml; Anxiolytic; Calcium-Antagonist IC50=1.2 uM rbt; Cancer-Preventive; Carcinogenic 2% (diet); Chemopreventive; Cholagogue; Choleretic; Clastogenic; CNS-Active; Co-carcinogenic; Collagen-Sparing; COX-2-Inhibitor IC32=100 uM; Cytoprotective; Cytotoxic TC50=200 ug/ml; Diuretic; DNA-Active; DNA-Protective; Fungicide MIC=0.4 mg/ml; Hepatocarcinogenic 400 ppm diet orl mus (in the absence of alcohol); Hepatoprotective; Hepatotropic; Histamine-Inhibitor; Immunostimulant; Insectifuge; Leukotriene-Inhibitor; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC27=5 mM IC50=62-148 uM; Lyase-Inhibitor IC50=94-164 uM; Metal-Chelator; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Prooxidant; Prostaglandigenic; Sedative 500 mg; Sunscreen IC50=2.5 mg/l IC91=5 mg/l IC98=25 mg/l; Tumorigenic; Vulnerary; Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=39.21 uM
CALCIUM Leaf 16,200 ppm;
Antiallergic 500 mg/day; Antianxiety; Antiarrhythmic 500-1,500 mg; Antiarthritic 1,000 mg/day; Antiatherosclerotic 500 mg/day; Anticlimacteric 1,000-1,500 mg/day; Antidepressant; Antidote (Aluminum); Antidote (Lead); Antihyperkinetic; Antihypertensive; Antiinsomniac; Antimenopausal; Antiobesity; Antiosteoporotic 500-2,000 mg/day; Antiperiodontitic 750 mg/day; AntiPMS 1 g/day; Antirheumatic 1,000 mg/day; Antistress 500-1,500 mg/day; Antitic; Anxiolytic; Calcium-Channel-Blocker; Diuretic; Hypocholesterolemic 500 mg/day; Hypotensive 1 g/day; Laxative 1,000-1,200 mg; Tranquilizer 500-1,500 mg/day; Vasodilator
CAMPHENE Leaf 2 - 25 ppm
Allelopathic; Antilithic?; Antioxidant; Expectorant; FLavor FEMA 15-175; Hypocholesterolemic?; Insectifuge; Pesticide; Spasmogenic
CARBOHYDRATES Leaf 557,000 ppm;
No activity reported.
CARVACROL Essential Oil:
Allergenic; Anesthetic; Anthelmintic; Antialzheimeran?; Antiatherosclerotic IC50=5.53 uM; Antibacterial MIC 170-290 MIC=39-625; Anticholinesterase?; Antidiuretic; Antiinflammatory IC50=4 uM; Antimelanomic IC50=120 uM/l; Antioxidant; Antioxidant (LDL) IC50=5.53 uM; Antiplaque MIC=39-625 ug/ml; Antiprostaglandin; Antiradicular 600 x thymol; Antiseptic 1.5 x phenol; Antispasmodic; Antistaphylococcic; Antistreptococcic; Antitussive; Candidicide 100-150 ug/ml MIC<0.1 ug/ml; Carminative; Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor =indomethacin; Enterorelaxant; Expectorant; FLavor FEMA 10-125; Fungicide; Insectifuge; Irritant; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; Pesticide; Prostaglandin-Inhibitor; Tracheorelaxant; Trichomonicide LD100=150 ug/ml; Vermifuge
CARVEOL Essential Oil:
CNS-Stimulant
CARVEOL-ACETATE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
CARVONE Leaf 4 - 132 ppm
Allergenic; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.4-1.8 mM; Antiproliferative; Antiseptic 1.5 x phenol; Cancer-Preventive; Candidistat; Carminative; CNS-Stimulant; FLavor FEMA 80-3,000; Fungistat; Insecticide; Insectifuge; Motor-Depressant; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; Perfumery; Pesticide; Sedative; Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml; Vermicide
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE Essential Oil:
Antiedemic; Antifeedant; Antiinflammatory; Antitumor; Calcium-Antagonist ED50=32 uM gpg; Fungicide; Insecticide; Pesticide
CEDRENE Essential Oil:
Cancer-Preventive
CEDROL Essential Oil:
Perfumery; Pesticide; Termiticide
CHLOROGENIC-ACID Shoot:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=1.8 uM rat (strong activity); Allelochemic; Allergenic; Analgesic; Antiatherosclerotic; Antibacterial; Anticancer (Colon); Anticancer (Forestomach); Anticancer (Liver); Anticancer (Skin); Anticarcinogenic; Antidiabetic; AntiEBV; Antifeedant; Antigenotoxic; Antigonadotropic; Antihemolytic 10 uM; Antihepatotoxic; Antiherpetic; Antihistaminic; AntiHIV; Antihypercholesterolemic; Antihyperthyroid; Antiinflammatory; AntiLegionella; Antileukotriene; Antimelanogenic; Antimutagenic; Antinitrosaminic; Antioxidant IC50=54.2 uM IC53=200 ppm IC80=12 uM; Antiperoxidant IC50=36 uM; Antipolio; Antiradicular 10 uM 9 x quercetin; Antiseptic; Antisunburn; Antithyroid; Antitumor; Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Forestomach); Antitumor (Liver); Antitumor (Skin); Antitumor-Promoter IC25=10 uM; Antiulcer; Antiviral; Autotoxic; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Chemopreventive; Cholagogue; Choleretic; Clastogenic; CNS-Active; CNS-Stimulant 1/6 Caffeine; Collagen-Sparing; Diuretic; Fungicide; Hepatoprotective; Histamine-Inhibitor; Hypoglycemic; Immunostimulant; Insectifuge; Interferonogenic; Juvabional; Larvistat; Leukotriene-Inhibitor; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC23=5 mM; Metal-Chelator; NO-Genic; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor; Oviposition-Stimulant; Pesticide; Sunscreen; Sweetener; Vulnerary
CHOLINE Plant:
Antialzheimeran 5-16 g/man/day; Antichoreic; Anticirrhotic 6,000 mg/man/day; Anticystinuric; Antidementia; Antidiabetic; Antidyskinetic 150-200 mg/kg/man/day; Antihomocysteine; Antimanic 15-30 g/man/day/orl; Antinociceptive; Antisteatotic; Cardiodepressant; Cerebrotonic; Cholinergic; Hepatoprotective; Hypotensive; Ileorelaxant; Lipotropic; Memorigenic; Parasympathomimetic (1/1,000th acetylcholine)
CHROMIUM Leaf tr;
Amphiglycemic?; Antiacne; AntiAGE 200-1,000 ug; Antiaging; Antiatherosclerotic 20 ug/day; AntiCFS 200 ug; Anticorneotic; Antidiabetic 200-1,000 ug; Antidote (Lead); Antifatigue 200 ug; Antiglycosuric 200-1,000 ug; Antiobesity; Antisyndrome-X 200-800 ug; Antitriglyceride 20 ug/day 200-1,000 ug; Cardioprotective; Energizer; Hypocholesterolemic 20 ug/day 200-1,000 ug; Hypoglycemic; Hypotensive; Immunomodulator; Insulinogenic; Memorigenic
CINEOLE Leaf 2 - 1,200 ppm
No activity reported.
CINEROL Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
CINNAMIC-ACID-METHYL-ESTER Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
CIS-PIPERITOL Leaf 0.5 - 5 ppm
No activity reported.
CIS-ROSE-OXIDE Plant 0.03 - 0.3 ppm
No activity reported.
CIS-SABINOL Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
CITRONELLIC-ACID Leaf 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
No activity reported.
CITRONELLOL Essential Oil:
Allergenic; Antibacterial; Antiseptic; Antistaphylococcic; Antistreptococcic; Candidicide; FLavor FEMA 1-50; Fungicide; Herbicide IC50=160 uM; Irritant; Nematicide MLC=100 ug/ml; Perfumery; Pesticide; Sedative; Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml
COBALT Leaf 93 ppm;
Cardiomyopathogenic; Erythrocytogenic
COSMOSIIN Shoot:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC40=1 uM IC99=10 uM; Antibacterial MIC=500 ug/ml; Candidicide
COUMARIN Leaf 0.02 - 0.2 ppm
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 10 ug/ml cow (weak activity, 11% inhibition); Allelochemic IC100=2 mM; Analgesic; Anesthetic; Antiaggregant; Antiandrogenic; Antibrucellosic; Anticancer (Kidney) 400-7,000 mg/day; Anticancer (Prostate); Antidiuretic; Antiedemic; Antiesherichic; Antiinflammatory; Antilymphedemic; Antimelanomic 50 mg/day; Antimetastatic 50 mg/man/day; Antimitotic; Antimononuccleotic; Antimutagenic; Antimycoplasmotic; Antipsittacotic; Antipsoriac; Antitoxoplasmotic; Antitumor 50 mg/day; Antitumor (GI); Antitumor (Kidney) 400-7,000 mg/day; Antitumor (Prostate); Bacteristat; Bruchiphobe; Cancer-Preventive 5-25 ug/ml; Carcinogenic 200 mg/kg orl mus; Cardiodepressant; Cardiotonic; Chemopreventive; DME-Inhibitor IC50=57.5 uM; Emetic; Estrogenic; Fungicide; Hemorrhagic; Hepatotoxic 0.8-1.71 mM/kg orl rat 100 mg/kg dog 2,500 ppm diet; Hypnotic; Hypoglycemic 250-1,000 mg/kg orl; Immunostimulant; Juvabional; Larvistat; Lymphocytogenic 100 mg/day; Lymphokinetic; Narcotic; Ovicide; Pesticide; Phagocytotic; Piscicide; Respirodepressant; Rodenticide; Sedative
CRYPTONE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
CUMIN-ALCOHOL Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
FLavor FEMA 0.5-35
CYCLOPENTANOL Leaf 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
No activity reported.
DELTA-DODECALACTONE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
FLavor FEMA <1-5
DELTA-JASMINLACTONE Leaf 0.05 - 0.5 ppm
No activity reported.
DIHYDRO-LIMONENE-10-OL Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
DIHYDRO-TERPINEOL-ACETATE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
DIHYDROCARVONE Leaf:
No activity reported.
DIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE Essential Oil:
Antioxidant
DIOSPHENOL Leaf 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
Antibacterial; Antiseptic; Diuretic; Peticide
DIPENTENE Essential Oil:
Allergenic; Antibacterial; Antiviral; Expectorant; Irritant; Pesticide; Sedative
EO Plant 1,000 - 10,000 ppm
No activity reported.
ERIODICTYOL-7-O-RUTINOSIDE Leaf 860 ppm;
No activity reported.
EUGENOL Essential Oil:
Acaricide LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm; Allergenic; Analgesic; Anesthetic 200-400; Antiaggregant IC50=0.3 uM; Antiarachidonate; Antibacterial 500 ppm MBC=400 ug/ml; Anticonvulsant; Antiedemic 100; Antiestrogenic; Antifeedant; Antigenotoxic 50-500 mg/kg orl mus; Antiherpetic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml; Antiinflammatory (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM; Antikeratotic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml; Antimitotic; Antimutagenic; Antinitrosating; Antioxidant 10 uM IC65=30 ppm; Antiprostaglandin 11 uM IC50=9.2 mM; Antipyretic 3 ml/man/day; Antiradicular EC50=2 ul/l; Antisalmonella MIC=400 ug/ml; Antiseptic 3 ml/man/day 400 ug/ml; Antispasmodic; Antistaphylococcic; Antithromboxane; AntiTNF; Antitumor; Antiulcer; Antiviral IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml; Apifuge; Calcium-Antagonist IC50=200 uM gpg IC50=224 uM; Cancer-Preventive; Candidicide; Carcinogenic?; Carminative; Choleretic; CNS-Depressant; COX-1-Inhibitor IC97=1,000 uM; COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=129 uM IC>97=1,000 uM; Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor; Cytotoxic 25 ug/ml; Dermatitigenic; Enterorelaxant; FLavor FEMA 10-500; Fungicide; Hepatoprotective 100 ppm; Herbicide; Insecticide; Insectifuge; Irritant; Juvabional; Larvicide; Motor-Depressant; Nematicide MLC=2,000 ug/ml; Neurotoxic; Perfumery; Pesticide; Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 1 mM rbt IC50=9.2 uM; Sedative; Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g; Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml; Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/ml; Trypsin-Enhancer; Ulcerogenic; Varroacide; Vasodilator; Vermifuge
EUPATORIN Essential Oil:
Antibacterial; Anticarcinomic ED50=4.6; Antimalarial IC50=65 uM; Cytotoxic; Emetic; Immunostimulant; Parasiticide; Plasmodicide
FAT Leaf 54,000 ppm;
No activity reported.
FENCHENE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
FIBER Leaf 114,000 ppm;
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker; Antidiabetic; Antihypertensive; Antiobesity; Antitumor; Antiulcer; Beta-Blocker; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Diuretic; Hypocholesterolemic; Hypotensive 10 g/man/day/orl; Hypouricemic; Laxative; Vasodilator
GAMMA-DECALACTONE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
Cancer-Preventive; Irritant; Perfume
GAMMA-JASMINLACTONE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
GAMMA-TERPINENE Leaf 2 - 20 ppm
Acaricide; ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity); Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC23=1.2 mM; Antifeedant; Antioxidant; FLavor FEMA 1-40; Insectifuge; Irritant; Perfumery; Pesticide
GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL Plant:
Antiatherosclerotic; Anticancer; AntiCRP; Antiinflammatory; Antioxidant 10-15 ug/g IC43=10 uM; Antiprostaglandin; Antitumor; Cardioprotective; Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor; Hypocholesterolemic; Natriuretic; NO-Inhibitor; PKC-Inhibitor
GARDENIN-B Leaf:
No activity reported.
GARDENIN-D Leaf:
Antiperoxidant IC50=140 uM
GERANIAL Leaf 0.005 - 0.05 ppm
Antiaflatoxin; Antibacterial; AntiEBV IC50=16 uM; Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Skin); Antiviral; Antiyeast; Chemopreventive; Estrogenic; Fungicide; Glutathionigenic; Pesticide; Spasmolytic
GERANIC-ACID Leaf 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
No activity reported.
GERANIOL-ACETATE Leaf 0.1 - 1 ppm
No activity reported.
GERMACRENE-D Essential Oil:
Pesticide; Pheromone
GUAIACOL Leaf 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
Anesthetic; Antibacterial 8,000 ppm; Antidermatitic; Antieczemic; Antiesophagitic; Antiseptic; Antituberculic; Cardiodepressant; Cardiotonic; Dermal; Emetic; Expectorant 0.3-0.6 ml/man; FLavor FEMA <1-1; Insectifuge; Irritant; Pesticide; Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor IC50=57 uM; Transdermal
HEPTAN-2-ONE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
HEPTAN-3-OL Leaf 0.5 - 5 ppm
No activity reported.
HESPERETIN Leaf:
Antibacterial MIC=500 ug/ml; Antifeedant; Antilipolytic; Antiviral; Cancer-Preventive; Fungistat; Hepatoprotective; Pesticide
HEX-TRANS-2-ENOIC-ACID Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
HYDROXY-BOVOLIDE Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
HYMENOXIN Leaf:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 10 uM; Cancer-Preventive; Mutagenic
IRON Leaf 600 ppm;
Antiakathisic; Antianemic; Anticanker; Anticheilitic; Antimenorrhagic 100 mg/day/wmn/orl; Prooxidant
ISOAMYL-PHENYLACETATE Leaf 0.05 - 0.5 ppm
No activity reported.
ISOBUTYRIC-ACID Leaf 0.03 - 0.3 ppm
Irritant; Transdermal
ISOCHLOROGENIC-ACID Shoot:
Antioxidant; Antiseptic; Cancer-Preventive; Pesticide
ISOMENTHOL Leaf 19 - 310 ppm
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC29=1.2 mM
ISOMENTHOL-ACETATE Leaf 8 - 80 ppm
No activity reported.
ISOMENTHONE Leaf 30 - 1,000 ppm
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.6 mM; Antioxidant; Antiradicular
ISOMENTHYL-ACETATE Plant 40 ppm;
No activity reported.
ISOPULEGOL-ACETATE Leaf 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
No activity reported.
ISORHOIFOLIN Leaf:
No activity reported.
ISOVALERALDEHYDE Plant:
FLavor FEMA 0.5-5
ISOVALERIC-ACID Plant:
FLavor FEMA 1-16; Irritant; Perfumery; Sedative; Tranquilizer
ISOVALERIC-ACID-N-OCTYL-ESTER Leaf 0.005 - 0.05 ppm
No activity reported.
JASMONE Essential Oil:
Antibacterial MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml; Anticariogenic; Cancer-Preventive; Insectiphile; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; Perfumery; Pesticide; Trichomonicide LD100=200 ug/ml
KILOCALORIES Leaf 3,020 /kg;
No activity reported.
LAVANDULOL Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
LEDOL Plant:
No activity reported.
LIMONENE Leaf: 2 - 320 ppm
Acaricide LC100=8 uM; AChE-Inhibitor; Allelochemic; Allergenic 1/20th carene; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC22-26=1.2 mM; Antiadenomic; Antialzheimeran?; Antiasthmatic; Antibacterial; Anticancer; Antiesophagitic; Antifeedant; Antiflu; Antiinflammatory; Antilithic; Antilymphomic; Antimetastatic (Stomach); Antimutagenic; Antiobesity; Antiseptic; Antispasmodic ED50=0.197 mg/ml; Antitumor; Antitumor (Breast); Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Pancreas); Antitumor (Prostate); Antitumor (Stomach); Antiviral; Apoptotic; Bronchoprotectant; Cancer-Preventive; Candidistat; Chemopreventive; Cholesterolytic; Detoxicant; Enterocontractant; Expectorant; FLavor; Fungiphilic; Fungistat; GST-Inducer; Herbicide IC50=45 uM; Histaminic; Immunomodulator; Insecticide 0.37 uM/fly; Insectifuge; Interleukin-6-Inhibitor; Irritant; Lipolytic; Myorelaxant 50 mg/kg; Nematicide IC=100 ug/ml; NO-Genic; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor ~750 mg/kg (diet); Ozone-Scavenger; P450-Inducer; Peristaltic; Pesticide; Photosensitizer; Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kg; Transdermal
LIMONENE-10-OL-ACETATE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
LINALOL Leaf 12 - 120 ppm
No activity reported.
LITHOSPERMIC-ACID Shoot:
Antigonadotrophic; Antithyroid; Cardiotonic
LUTEOLIN Leaf:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor EC=3 ppm IC50=0.45 uM rat; Antiallergic; Antiangiogenic IC60-75=10 uM; Antiatherogenic; Antibacterial MIC=500 ug/ml; Anticarcinogenic; Anticarcinomic; Anticataract EC=3 ppm; Anticomplementary; Antidermatic; Antiestrogenic; Antifeedant IC52=<1,000 ppm diet; Antiherpetic 11-23 ug/ml; Antihistaminic <10-15 uM; AntiHIV; Antiinflammatory =indomethacin; Antileukemic 20-50 uM; Antilymphomic; Antimelanomic; Antimutagenic ID50=0.44 ug/ml ID50=2-5 nM; Antinociceptive; Antioxidant IC50=10 uM; Antipolio; Antiproliferant; Antispasmodic; Antitumor 1-50 uM; Antitumor (brain); Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Kidney); Antitumor (Lung); Antitumor (Ovary); Antitumor (Pancreas); Antitumor (Skin) 20 uM; Antitumor (Stomach); Antitumor (Thyroid) 12-50 uM; Antitussive; Antiviral 11-23 ug/ml; Aphidifuge; Apoptotic 12-50 uM; Aromatase-Inhibitor IC35=1 uM/l; Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor IC50=~40 uM; Calcium-Antagonist IC50=1.2 uM rbt; Cancer-Preventive; Chemopreventive; Choleretic; Cytotoxic 1-50 uM; Deiodinase-Inhibitor; Differentiator IC>40=40 uM; Diuretic; Estrogenic 58% genistein; Hepatoprotective; Hyaluronidase-Inhibitor IC50+=100-250 uM; Hypocholesterolemic; ICAM-1-Inhibitor; IKK-Inhibitor; iNOS-Inhibitor; Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor; MAPK-Inhibitor; Metalloproteinase-Inhibitor; MMP-9-Inhibitor 20 uM; Myorelaxant; NEP-Inhibitor IC50=>42 uM; NF-kB-Inhibitor; NO-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Proliferant; Prostaglandin-Synthetase-Inhibitor; Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor IC70=50 uM; PTK-Inhibitor 10-100 uM; Succinoxidase-Inhibitor; TNF-alpha-Inhibitor IC50=14.44 uM; Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor; Vasodilator; VEGF-Inhibitor IC50=2-7 uM; Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=0.11 ug/ml
LUTEOLIN-7-O-RUTINOSIDE Leaf 120 ppm;
No activity reported.
MAGNESIUM Leaf 6,610 ppm;
Antiaggregant 400 mg/day; Antialcoholic; Antianginal; Antianorectic; Antianxiety; Antiarrhythmic; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Antiatherosclerotic; Anticephalagic; AntiCFS; Anticlimacteric 500-750 mg/day; Anticonvulsant; Anticoronary 400 mg/day; Antidepressant; Antidiabetic 400-800 mg/man/day; Antidysmenorrheic 100 mg 4 x/day; Antiendometriotic 500 mg/day; Antienterotic; Antiepileptic 450 mg/day; Antifatigue; Antifibromyalgic 200-300 mg 3x/day; Antigastrotic; Antiglaucomic; Antihyperkinetic; Antihypertensive; Antihypoglycemic; Antiinflammatory 100 mg 4 x/day; Antiinsomniac; Antilithic; AntiLyme 400-1,000 mg; Antimastalgic; Antimenopausal 500-750 mg/day; Antimigraine 200 mg/day/man; Antimitral-valve-prolapse; AntiMS; Antinephrolytic; Antineurotic; Antiosteoporotic 500-1,000 mg/day/wmn/orl; Antiplaque 500-1,000 mg/day; AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn orl 400-800 mg/day/wmn/orl; AntiRaynaud's 280-350 mg/day; Antiretinopathic 400 mg/day; Antispasmodic; Antispasmophilic 500 mg/day; Antistress 500-750 mg/day; Antistroke 400 mg/day; Antisyndrome-X 400 mg/man/day; Anxiolytic 500-750 mg/day; Calcium-Antagonist; Cardioprotective; CNS-Depressant; Diuretic; Hypocholesterolemic 400 mg/day; Hypotensive 260-500 mg/day; Immunomodulator; Insulinogenic 400 mg/day; Laxative 300-500 mg/day; Litholytic; Myorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day; Neurotransmitter; Tranquilizer 500-750 mg/day; Uterorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day; Vasodilator
MANGANESE Leaf 61 ppm;
Antialcoholic; Antianemic; Antiarthritic; Antidiabetic 10-30 mg/man/day 3-5 mg/day; Antidiscotic; Antidyskinetic; Antiepileptic 450 mg/day; Antiosteoporotic; Antiototic; Antioxidant; AntiPMS; Antisyndrome-X 10-30 mg/man/day; Hypoglycemic
MENTHACUBANONE Shoot:
No activity reported.
MENTHOCUBANONE Shoot:
No activity reported.
MENTHOFURAN Ay 2,200 ppm;
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=441 uM gpg (weak activity); Hepatotoxic; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; Pesticide; Pulmonotoxic
MENTHOKUBANONE Shoot:
No activity reported.
MENTHOL Leaf 156 - 6,750 ppm
Allergenic; Analgesic; Anesthetic 2,000 ppm; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=2.0 mM; Antiaggregant IC50=750; Antiallergic; Antiasthmatic; Antibacillus MIC=1.25 mg/ml; Antibacterial MIC=0.625-2.5; Antibronchitic; Antidandruff; Antiescherichic MIC=1.25 mg/ml; Antihalitosic; Antihistaminic; Antiinflammatory; Antilisteria MIC=0.625 mg/ml; Antineuralgic; Antiodontalgic; Antipruritic; Antipyretic; Antirheumatic; Antisalmonella; Antiseptic 4 x phenol; Antisinusitic; Antispasmodic ED50=0.01 mg/ml; Antistaphylococcic MIC=0.625 mg/ml; Antistreptococcic MIC=0.4 mg/ml; Antitartar; Antivaginitic; Antivulvitic; Bradycardic 65 mg/3 x day/woman; Bronchomucolytic; Bronchomucotropic; Bronchorrheic; Calcium-Antagonist; Candidicide MIC=0.625 mg/ml; Carminative; Choleretic; Ciliotoxic; CNS-Depressant; CNS-Stimulant; Congestant; Convulsant; Counterirritant; Decongestant? 11 mg/man; Dermatitigenic; Diaphoretic; Enterorelaxant; Expectorant; Gastrosedative; Irritant; Myorelaxant; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; Neurodepressant; Neuropathogenic 40-100 mg/day/rat; Nociceptive; Perfumery; Pesticide; Refrigerant; Rubefacient; Termiticide; Transdermal; Vibriocide
MENTHONE Plant 20 - 2,730 ppm
Acaricide; Allelopathic; Analgesic; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.4 mM; Antiaggregant IC50=750; Antiallergic; Antibacillary MIC=1.25 mg/ml; Antibacterial MIC=0.625-5 mg/ml; Antiescherichic MIC=5 mg/ml; Antihistaminic; Antilisteria MIC=1.25 mg/ml; Antisalmonella MIC=5 mg/ml; Antiseptic 2.25 x phenol; Antispasmodic ED50=0.044 mg/ml; Antistaphylococcic MIC=0.625-2.5 mg/ml; Cancer-Preventive; Candidicide MIC=2.5 mg/ml; Cerebrotoxic orl man; Culicide LC50=156-194 mg/l; FLavor FEMA 5-50; Fungicide; Insecticide LC50=156-194 mg/l; Larvicide; Mutagenic; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; Perfumery; Pesticide; Psychoactive; Sedative; Trichomonicide LD100=600 ug/ml
MENTHOSIDE Leaf:
No activity reported.
MENTHYL-ACETATE Leaf 8 - 5,080 ppm
Antispasmodic ED50=0.105 mg/ml; Perfumery
MENTHYL-ISOVALERATE Leaf 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
No activity reported.
MENTHYL-VALERATE Leaf:
Sedative
MINTLACTONE Leaf 0.3 - 3 ppm
No activity reported.
MYRCENE Leaf 1 - 10 ppm
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml; Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor; Allergenic; Analgesic; Antibacterial; Anticonvulsant; Antimutagenic; Antinitrosaminic; Antinociceptive 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus 20-40 mg/kg scu mus; Antioxidant; Antispasmodic; Chemopreventive; FLavor FEMA 0.5-9; Fungicide; Hypothermic; Insectifuge; Irritant; Myorelaxant 100-200 mg/kg; P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.14 uM; Perfumery; Pesticide
MYRTENAL Leaf 0.002 - 0.02 ppm
Antimalarial IC50=5-50 ug/ml; Antiplasmodial; Herbicide; Perfumery; Pesticide
MYRTENOL Leaf 0.5 - 5 ppm
Antimalarial IC50=5-50 ug/ml; Antiplasmodial
NEO-ISOPULEGOL Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
NEOISOMENTHOL-ACETATE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
NEOMENTHOL Leaf 33 - 820 ppm
Antispasmodic ED50=0.033 mg/ml; Perfumery
NEOMENTHONE Leaf 70 - 700 ppm
No activity reported.
NEOMENTHYL-ACETATE Leaf 15 - 150 ppm
No activity reported.
NERAL Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
Antibacterial; Antispasmodic; Pesticide; Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g
NEROL Tissue Culture:
Antibacterial; Antihelicobacter; Antiseptic; Antiulcer; Estrogenic; FLavor FEMA 1-20; Perfumery; Pesticide; Sedative; Trichomonicide ED100=300 ug/ml
NEROLIDOL Leaf 0.05 - 0.5 ppm
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor; Allergenic; Antiacne; Antibacterial MIC=25-200 ug/ml; Anticariogenic; Antifeedant 1 mM (diet); Antistreptococcic; FLavor FEMA 1-10; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; Perfumery; Pesticide
NEVADENSIN Leaf:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 10 uM; Antiinflammatory 75 mg/kg; Antitubercular 0.2 mg/ml; Antitussive; Expectorant; Pesticide
NIACIN Leaf:
Allergenic; Antiacrodynic; Antiallergic 50 mg/2x/day; Antialzheimeran; Antiamblyopic; Antianginal; Anticataract; Antichilblain; Anticonvulsant 3 g/day; Antidementia; Antidermatitic; Antidiabetic; Antidysphagic; Antiepileptic; Antihangover 50 mg; Antihistaminic 50 mg 2x/day; Antihyperactivity 1.5-6 g/day; Antiinsomnic 1 g/day; AntiLyme 50 mg/day; AntiMeniere's; Antineuralgic; Antiparkinsonian 100 mg/day; Antipellagric; AntiRaynaud's 1,500-4,000 mg/day; Antiscotomic; Antispasmodic 100 mg 2x/day; Antivertigo; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Circulotonic; Fibrinolytic; Hepatoprotective; Hepatotoxic; Hypocholesterolemic 50-100 mg 3x/day; Hypoglycemic; Hypolipidemic; Sedative; Serotoninergic; Vasodilator
NONAN-1-OL Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
O-CRESOL Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
Allelochemic IC50=0.36 mM; Antimutagenic; Antiseptic; Cancer-Preventive; Pesticide; Rodenticide LD 50=620 cut rat
OCIMENE Essential Oil:
Insecticide; Perfumery
OCT-TRANS-2-EN-OL Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
No activity reported.
OCTAN-3-OL Leaf 4 - 70 ppm
No activity reported.
P-COUMARIC-ACID Shoot:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 ug/ml (weak activity); Allelopathic; Antibacterial; Anticlastogen; Antifertility; Antihepatotoxic; Antileukemic IC50=25-56 ug/ml; Antinitrosaminic; Antioxidant 1/3 BHA IC24=30 ppm; Antiperoxidant IC50=>100 uM; Antiseptic; Antispasmodic; Antitumor; Cancer-Preventive; Chemopreventive; Choleretic; Cytotoxic; Diaphoretic?; Fungicide; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC11=5 mM; Pesticide; Prostaglandigenic; Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor; Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=3,650 uM
P-CRESOL Leaf 0.002 - 0.02 ppm
Allelochemic IC50=1.13 mM; Antimutagenic; Antiseptic; Cancer-Preventive; FLavor FEMA <1; Parasiticide; Pesticide; Rodenticide LD50=1,100 cut rat
P-CYMENE Leaf 2.5 - 30 ppm
Analgesic; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC40=1.2 mM; Antibacillary; Antibacterial; Antiflu; Antirheumatalgic; Antiviral; FLavor FEMA 12-250; Fungicide; Herbicide IC50=50 uM; Insectifuge; Irritant; Laxative; Pesticide; Sedative; Trichomonicide LD100=50 ug/ml
P-CYMOL Leaf 4 - 130 ppm
No activity reported.
P-MENTH-TRANS-2-EN-1-OL Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
P-MENTHANE Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
P-METHOXY-ACETOPHENONE Leaf 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
No activity reported.
PECTIN Shoot 30,000 ppm;
Antiatheromic 15 g/man/day; Antibacterial; Antidiabetic 10 g/man/day/orl; Antidiarrheic; Antienteritic; Antigallstone; Antigastritic; Antilithic; Antimetastatic; Antimutagenic; Antiobesity; Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Prostate); Antitussive; Antiulcer; Cancer-Preventive; Chemopreventive; Demulcent; Fungicide; Hemostat; Hypocholesterolemic; Hypoglycemic; Peristaltic; Pesticide
PENT-CIS-2-EN-1-OL Leaf 0.5 - 5 ppm
No activity reported.
PENTAL-1-OL Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
PERILLYL-ALCOHOL Leaf 0.05 - 0.5 ppm
Antibacterial; Anticancer (Pancreas) IC50=290 uM; Antimelanomic IC50=250 uM/l; Antiproliferant; Antitumor (Breast); Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Pancreas); Antitumor (Prostate); Apoptotic; Candidicide; Chemopreventive; Fungicide; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; Pesticide
PHELLANDRENE Leaf 2 - 20 ppm
Hyperthermic; Irritant; Spasmogenic; Tumor-Promoter
PHENYLACETIC-ACID Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
FLavor FEMA 0.1-30; Perfumery
PHOSPHORUS Leaf 7,720 ppm;
Antiosteoporotic; Anxiolytic; Immunostimulant; Osteogenic
PINENE Leaf 2 - 23 ppm
Allergenic; Antibacterial; Antiseptic; Antispasmodic; Convulsant; Enterocontractant; Expectorant; Fungicide; Herbicide IC50=30 mM; Perfumery; Pesticide; Spasmogenic
PIPERITENONE Essential Oil:
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=110 ug/ml; Perfumery; Toxic 10,000/man
PIPERITONE Leaf 500 ppm;
Antiasthmatic; FLavor FEMA 1-2; Herbicide IC50=30 mM IC50=75 uM; Insectifuge (> DEET); Perfumery; Pesticide
PIPERITONE-OXIDE Plant:
No activity reported.
POTASSIUM Leaf 22,600 ppm;
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker; Antiarrhythmic; Antidepressant; Antifatigue; Antihypertensive; Antispasmodic; Antistroke; Anxiolytic; Beta-Blocker; Cardioprotective 3,000-5,000 mg; Cardiotoxic 18,000 mg/man/day; Diuretic; Hypotensive; Vasodilator
PROTEIN Leaf 248,000 ppm; Plant 127,000 ppm;
No activity reported.
PULEGONE Leaf 3 - 6,530 ppm
AChE-Inhibitor; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=0.9 mM IC50=136 ug/ml; Antialzheimeran?; Antibacterial; Anticholinesterase; Antihistaminic; Antipyretic; Avifuge; Cancer-Preventive; Candidicide; Cerebrotoxic orl man; Encephalopathic 80 mg/kg orl rat; FLavor FEMA 5-30; Fungicide; Glutathionalytic; Hallucinogenic; Hepatotoxic; Herbicide IC50=1.5 uM; Insecticide; Insectifuge; Nephrotoxic; Neurotoxic; Perfumery; Pesticide; Pulifuge; Pulmonotoxic; Sedative
PYRIDINE Leaf 0.001 ppm;
CNS-Depressant; FLavor FEMA 0.02; Irritant
RIBOFLAVIN Leaf 38.9 ppm;
Antiarabiflavinotic 2-10 mg/day orl; Anticarpal-Tunnel 50 mg/day; Anticataract 15 mg/day; Anticephalagic; Anticervicaldysplasic 1.6-10 mg/day; Anticheilitic; Antidecubitic; Antiglossitic; Antikeratitic; AntiLyme 50 mg/day; Antimigraine; Antioxidant; Antipellagric; Antiphotophobic; Cancer-Preventive
ROSMARINIC-ACID Plant 30,000 ppm; Shoot 700 - 1,800 ppm
ABeta-Inhibitor; Adenylate-Cyclase-Inhibitor; Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor; Antiaggregant; Antiallergic; Antialzheimeran; Antianaphylactic 1-100 mg/kg orl ID50=1 mg/kg ivn rat ID50=10 mg/kg ims rat; Antiatherosclerotic IC50=0.74 uM; Antibacterial; Anticoagulant; Anticomplementary 1/2 aspirin 20 mg/kg ivn; Antidepressant; Antiedemic 0.316-3.16 mg/kg ims; Antigonadotropic; Antihemolytic IC70=5-10 um/l; Antihepatotoxic; Antiherpetic 50 ug/ml EC50=20 ug/ml; AntiHIV EC50=40 ug/ml; Antihyperthyroid; Antiinflammatory IC~58=1,000 uM; Antiintegrase 10 ug/ml; Antileukotriene; Antilipoperoxidant; Antimutagenic; Antinephritic; Antioxidant 10 uM EC50=2.7 ug/ml; Antioxidant (LDL) IC50=0.74 uM; Antiplaque; Antiproliferant; Antiprostaglandin 20 mg/kg ivn; Antiproteolytic IC50=0.9 mol l; Antipulmonotic; Antiradicular; Antishock; Antithyreotropic; Antithyroid; Antiuremic; Antiviral EC50=40 ug/ml; Anxiolytic; Apoptotic; Calcium-Antagonist IC50=1.2 uM rbt; Cancer-Preventive; COX-1-Inhibitor IC58=1,000 uM; COX-2-Inhibitor IC>58=1,000 uM; Cytotoxic TC50=100-150 ug/ml; Deiodinase-Inhibitor; Immunomodulator; Immunostimulant; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor; Neuroprotective; Pesticide; Radioprotective
RUTIN Plant:
5-HT-Inhibitor; Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC27-52=10 uM; Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uM 4 ug/ml; Allelochemic; Antiaggregant ED50=33 nmol/kg iv; Antiallergic; Antiapoplectic; Antiatherogenic; Antiatherosclerotic; Antibacterial; Anticancer; Anticapillary-Fragility 20-100 mg orl man; Anticataract; Anticlastogen; Anticonvulsant; AntiCVI 270 mg/man/day; Antidementia; Antidermatitic; Antidiabetic; Antiedemic 270 mg/day orl man; Antierythemic; Antifeedant; Antiglaucomic 60 mg/day; Antihematuric; Antihemorrhoidal; Antihepatotoxic; Antiherpetic; Antihistaminic; Antihypertensive; Antiinflammatory 20 mg/kg; Antimalarial IC50=>100 ug/ml; Antimelanomic; Antimetastatic; Antimutagenic ID50=2-5 nM; Antinephritic; Antinociceptive; Antioxidant IC28=30 ppm IC50=120 uM IC54=10 uM; Antiperoxidant IC50=10-20 uM; Antiplatelet; Antiproliferant 50-75 uM/l; Antiprotozoal; Antipurpuric; Antiradicular 9 x quercetin; Antispasmodic; Antisunburn; Antithrombogenic EC50=500 nM; Antithyroid IC50=68 uM; Antitrypanosomic 100 mg/kg; Antitumor; Antitumor-Promoter; Antiulcer; Antivaricose; Antiviral; Apoptotic 75 uM/l; cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor; Cancer-Preventive; Capillariprotective; Catabolic; Chemopreventive; Cytoprotective IC50=3 uM; Estrogenic?; Hemostat; Hepatomagenic 20,000 ppm (diet) rat; Hepatoprotective 20 mg/kg rat; Hypocholesterolemic; Hypotensive; Immunomodulator; Insecticide; Insectiphile; Juvabional; Larvistat IC95=4,000-8,000 ppm diet; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC75=2.5 mM; Mutagenic; Myoprotective; Myorelaxant; Oviposition-Stimulant; PAF-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Protisticide; Radioprotective; Sunscreen; Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=1 ug/ml; Vasodilator; Vasopressor
SABINENE Essential Oil:
Antibacterial; Antihelicobacter; Antiseptic; Antiulcer; Perfumery
SABINENE-ACETATE Plant:
No activity reported.
SABINENE-HYDRATE Leaf 5 - 110 ppm
No activity reported.
SALICYLATES Leaf 700 - 95 ppm
Antiaggregant; Antiinflammatory; Antipyretic; Antiuricosuric; Hyperglycemic; Hypoglycemic; Uricosuric
SALVIGENIN Essential Oil:
No activity reported.
SELENIUM Leaf 11 ppm;
Analgesic 200 ug/day; Anorexic; Antiacne; Antiaggregant; Antiangiogenic 2 uM 230 ug/kg orl rat; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Antiatherosclerotic; Anticataract 400 ug/day; Anticirrhotic; Anticlimacteric 200 ug/day; Anticoronary; Antidandruff; Antidepressant; Antidote (Mercury); Antifibrotic 400 ug; Antigout 200 ug; AntiHIV; Antikeshan; Antileukemic 1.6 mg/kg ipr mus; Antileukotriene; Antimaculitic; Antimelanomic 480 ug/kg; Antimenopausal 200 ug/day; Antimetastatic 480 ug/kg; Antimyalgic 200 ug/day; AntiNF-kB; Antiosteoarthritic; Antioxidant 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day; Antiparkinsonian 200-400 ug/day; Antiproliferant 2 uM; Antiradicular 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day; Antirheumatic; Antisyndrome-X; Antitumor; Antitumor (brain) 38-150 ug/kg; Antitumor (Breast) 0.8 mg/kg scu mus 150 ug/kg diet rat 230 ug/kg orl rat 333.6 ug/day; Antitumor (Lung) 240 ug/kg diet; Antitumor (Prostate); Antiulcerogenic; Anxiolytic; AP-1-Inhibitor 2-50 uM; Apoptotic; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective 200 ug/day; Depressant; Fungicide; Immunomodulator; Immunostimulant 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day; NF-kB-Inhibitor; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Polyamine-Synthesis-Inhibitor; Prostaglandin-Sparer; Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor IC50=2-50 uM; VEGF-Inhibitor
SIDERITOFLAVONE Leaf:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor; Antiarthritic; Anticataract 1 uM; Antiinflammatory
SILICON Leaf tr;
Antiarteriosclerotic; Antionychyotic; Antiosteoporotic; Cardioprotective
SODIUM Leaf 1,950 ppm;
Hypertensive
TANNIN Plant:
Anthelmintic; Antibacterial; Anticancer; Anticariogenic; Antidiarrheic; Antidysenteric; Antihepatotoxic; AntiHIV; Antihypertensive; Antilipolytic; Antimutagenic; Antinephritic; Antiophidic; Antioxidant 1/3 quercetin IC50=1.44 ug/ml; Antiradicular 1/3 quercetin 500 mg/kg/day orl mus; Antirenitic; Antitumor; Antitumor-Promoter; Antiulcer; Antiviral; Cancer-Preventive; Carcinogenic; Chelator; Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor; Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor; Hepatoprotective; Immunosuppressant; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor; MAO-Inhibitor; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Psychotropic; Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor
TERPINEN-4-OL Essential Oil:
Allelopathic; Antiacetylcholinesterase IC21-24=1.2 mM; Antiacne; Antiallergic; Antiasthmatic; Antibacterial; Antioxidant; Antiseptic; Antispasmodic; Antitussive; Antiulcer; Bacteriostatic; Diuretic 0.1 ml/rat; Fungicide; Herbicide IC50=200 mM IC50=22 uM; Insectifuge; Irritant; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml; Pesticide; Renoirritant; Spermicide ED100=0.015; Vulnerary
TERPINOLENE Leaf:
Allelochemic; Antifeedant; Antinitrosaminic; Antioxidant; Deodorant; FLavor FEMA 15-60; Fungicide; Perfumery; Pesticide
THIAMIN Leaf 12.1 ppm;
Analgesic 1-4 g/day; Antialcoholic 50-100 mg/day; Antialzheimeran 100-3,000 mg/day; Antianorectic; Antibackache 1-4 g/day; Antiberiberi; Anticanker; Anticardiospasmic; Anticataract; Anticolitic; Antidecubitic; Antideliriant; Antidementia; Antidyspeptic; Antiencephalopathic; Antifatigue; Antigastritic; Antihangover 50 mg; Antiheartburn; Antiherpetic; AntiLyme; Antimigraine; Antimyocarditic; Antineuralgic 1-4 g/day; Antineurasthenic; Antineuritic; Antineuropathic 50 mg; Antipoliomyelitic; Insectifuge 75-150 mg/man/day; Neuroprotective; Pesticide
THYMOL Essential Oil:
Acaricide; Allergenic; Analgesic; Ancylostomicide; Anesthetic; Ankylostomacide; Anthelmintic; Antiacne; Antiaggregant IC50=0.75; Antialzheimeran?; Antiarthritic; Antiatherosclerotic IC50=4 uM; Antibacterial MIC=50-400 ug/ml; Antibronchitic; Anticariogenic MIC=200-400 ug/ml; Anticholinesterase; Antihalitosic; Antiherpetic; Antiinflammatory (=indomethacin); Antilepric; Antimelanomic IC50=120 uM/l; Antineuritic; Antioxidant 100 ppm; Antioxidant (LDL) IC50=4 uM; Antiperiodontic MIC=50-200 ug/ml; Antiplaque MIC=39-625 ug/ml; Antiradicular EC=60; Antirheumatic; Antisalmonella; Antiseptic 20 x phenol; Antispasmodic; Antistaphylococcic; Antistreptococcic MIC=200-400 ug/ml; Antitrichinosic 5%; Antitussive; Ataxigenic; Candidicide 100 ug/ml (>Nystatin); Carminative; Counterirritant; Culicide LC50=36-49 mg/l; Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor (=indomethacin); Dentifrice; Deodorant; Dermatitigenic; Enterorelaxant; Enterotoxic; Expectorant; FLavor FEMA 2-100; Fungicide; Gastroirritant; Gram(+)icide MIC=200-400 ug/ml; Gram(-)icide MIC=50-200 ug/ml; Insecticide 0.22 uM/fly LC50=36-49 mg/l; Insectifuge; Irritant; Larvicide 10 ppm 58 ppm LC50=36-49 mg/l; Molluscicide; Myorelaxant; Nematicide MLC=0.1 mg/ml; Perfumery; Pesticide; Sedative; Sprout-Inhibitor; Tracheorelaxant; Trichomonicide LD100=25 ug/ml; Urinary-Antiseptic; Varroacide; Vermicide
TIN Leaf 11 ppm;
Antiacne; Antibacterial; Pesticide; Taenicide
TRANS-BETA-FARNESENE Essential Oil:
Insectifuge; Pesticide
TRANS-PIPERITOL Leaf 0.5 - 5 ppm
No activity reported.
TRANS-ROSE-OXIDE Plant 0.01 - 0.1 ppm
No activity reported.
VANILLIN Leaf 0.001 - 0.01 ppm
Allelochemic IC50=4.26 mM; Allergenic; Antianemic; Anticancer; Antidrepanocytic; Antiescherichic 10-100 mmol/l; Antilactobacillic; Antilisteria; Antimutagenic; Antioxidant =ascorbic acid; Antipolio; Antiradicular 7 x quercetin; Antisickling; Antitumor; Antitumor-Promoter; Antiviral; Antiyeast 8-30 mM; Bacteristat 10-40 mmol/l; Cancer-Preventive; Candidicide 8-20 mM; Choleretic; FLavor FEMA 50-20,000; Fungicide; Immunosuppressant; Insectifuge?; Irritant; Perfumery; Pesticide
VIRIDIFLOROL Leaf 1 - 15 ppm
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=25 ug/ml
WATER Leaf 851,000 ppm;
No activity reported.
XANTHOMICROL Leaf:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 10 uM; Antineoplastic; Cytotoxic
ZINC Leaf tr;
ACE-Inhibitor; Analgesic; Antiacne 135 mg/day; Antiacrodermatitic 8-34 mg/day/orl/chd; Antialcoholic; Antialopecic; Antialzheimeran 50 mg/day; Antiangiogenic; Antianorexic; Antiarthritic 50 mg/3x/day/orl/man; AntiBPH 25-60 mg/day; Anticanker 100 mg/day; Anticataract 30 mg/day; Anticoeliac; Anticold 50 mg; Anticolitic; Anticoronary 30 mg/day; AntiCrohn's; Antidandruff; Antidementia; Antidiabetic; Antidote (Cadmium); Antidysgeuzic; Antieczemic 150 mg/day; Antiencephalopathic; Antiepileptic 100 mg/day; Antifibrotic 30 mg; Antifuruncular 45 mg/3x/day/man; Antihangover 15 mg; Antiherpetic? 25-60 mg/day; AntiHIV; Antiimpotence; Antiinfective 50 mg/day; Antiinfertility 60 mg/day; Antiinsomniac; Antilepric; Antileukonychic; Antilymphomic; Antimaculitic; Antimetastatic; Antineuropathic; Antinyctalopic; Antiobesity 30 mg/day; Antiosteoporotic; Antiperiodontitic; Antiplaque; Antiprolactin; Antiprostatitic 50 mg/man/day/orl; Antirheumatic; Antiseptic 50 mg/day; Antispare-Tire 30 mg/day; Antistomatitic 50 mg/man/3x/day; Antisyndrome-X 30 mg/day; Antitinnitic 60-120 mg/day; Antitriglyceride 30 mg/day; Antiulcer 50 mg/3x/day/man 88 mg/rat/day/15 days; Antiviral?; Astringent; Collagenic; Copper-Antagonist; Deodorant; Detoxicant (Alcohol); Ergogenic; Hypotensive 30 mg/day; Immunomodulator; Immunostimulant; Immunosuppressant 300 mg/day/6 wks/orl/man; Insulinogenic 30 mg/day; Leptingenic 30-60 mg/man/day; Mucogenic; NF-kB-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Spermigenic 60 mg/day; Testosteronigenic; Trichomonicide; Vulnerary
ppm = parts per million
tr = trace