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Dr Duke's list of Chemicals and their Biological Activities in: Pinus elliottii ENGELM. (Pinaceae) -- Slash Pine
Identifier
019045
Type of Spiritual Experience
Background
A description of the experience
Chemicals and their Biological Activities in: Pinus elliottii ENGELM. (Pinaceae) -- Slash Pine
Chemicals
ABIETIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: CRC
Antifeedant 382 ; Protisticide DUKE1992B ; Schistosomicide JNP39:436
BETA-PINENE Leaf: CRC
Allergenic M&R618 ; Antiinflammatory FT63(1):3 ; Antiseptic LAF ; Antispasmodic; Candidicide LAF337 ; FLavor FEMA 15-600 ARC ; Herbicide TOX ; Insectifuge 382 ; Irritant ZEB ; Perfumery ARC ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Spasmogenic CAN ; Transdermal X10408241
BORNEOL Leaf: CRC
(-)-Chronotropic 29 ug/ml HH2 ; (-)-Inotropic HH2 ; Allelochemic JAF45:3276 ; Analgesic DUKE1992B ; Antiacetylcholine CAN ; Antibacterial MIC=125-250 ug/ml X11559128 ; Antibronchitic JBH ; Antiescherichic MIC=125 ug/ml X11559128 ; Antifeedant JAF45:3276 ; Antiinflammatory DUKE1992B ; Antiotitic X2364470 ; Antipyretic DUKE1992B ; Antisalmonella X11559128 ; Antispasmodic ED50=0.008 mg/ml; Antistaphylococcic MIC=250 ug/ml X11559128 ; Antiyeast X11559128 ; Candidicide X11559128 ; Choleretic X11559128 ; CNS-Stimulant HHB ; CNS-Toxic JBH ; FLavor FEMA<1 ARC ; Fungicide X11559128 ; Hepatoprotective DUKE1992B ; Herbicide IC50=470 mM 438 IC50=470 uM TOX ; Inhalant JBH ; Insect-Repellent DUKE1992B ; Insectifuge 382 ; Irritant RIN ; Myorelaxant CAN ; Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml SZ44:183 ; Perfumery JBH ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Sedative MED ; Tranquilizer X11559128
CADINENE Leaf: CRC
Antifeedant 382 ; FLavor FEMA 400-4,000 ARC ; Perfumery JBH ; Pesticide DUKE1992B
CAMPHENE Leaf: CRC
Allelopathic CWW ; Antilithic? JBH ; Antioxidant JA6(4):33 ; Expectorant HH2 ; FLavor FEMA 15-175 ARC ; Hypocholesterolemic? JBH ; Insectifuge 382 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Spasmogenic FT59:465
CREOSOL Plant: TAR CRC
Expectorant DUKE1992B ; FLavor FEMA 0.02-20 ARC
DEHYDROABIETIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: CRC
Allergenic M&R ; Antifeedant 382 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Protisticide DUKE1992B ; Schistosomicide JNP39:420
DIPENTENE Resin, Exudate, Sap: CRC
Allergenic M&R618 ; Antibacterial LAF ; Antiviral LAF ; Expectorant JBH ; Irritant JBH ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Sedative JBH
EO Leaf 3,000 ppm; CRC Resin, Exudate, Sap 200,000 - 250,000 ppm CRC GEO
No activity reported.
GUAIACOL Plant: TAR CRC
Anesthetic DUKE1992B ; Antibacterial 8,000 ppm VAL ; Antidermatitic JBH ; Antieczemic JBH ; Antiesophagitic M29 ; Antiseptic M29 ; Antituberculic DUKE1992B ; Cardiodepressant ZEB ; Cardiotonic LRNP:JUL'96 ; Dermal ZEB ; Emetic ZEB ; Expectorant 0.3-0.6 ml/man MAR ; FLavor FEMA <1-1 ARC ; Insectifuge 382 ; Irritant; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor IC50=57 uM FRBM26:193 ; Transdermal ZEB
ISOPIMARIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: CRC
Antifeedant 382 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B
L-ALPHA-PINENE Resin, Exudate, Sap 123,000 - 189,000 ppm GEO
No activity reported.
L-BETA-PINENE Resin, Exudate, Sap 42,400 - 85,000 ppm DUKE1992A
No activity reported.
METHYLCREOSOL Plant: TAR CRC
No activity reported.
NEOABIETIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: CRC
Antifeedant 382 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Protisticide DUKE1992B ; Schistosomicide DUKE1992B
PALUSTRIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: CRC
No activity reported.
PHENOL Plant: TAR CRC
Analgesic M29 ; Anesthetic JE26:79 ; Antibacterial JE26:79 ; Antihemorrhoidal MAR ; Antihydrocoele M29 ; Antiincontinence M29 ; AntiMS M29 ; Antionychogryphotic MAR ; Antiotitic MAR ; Antioxidant 505 ; Antiprostatitic M29 ; Antipyruvetic JBH ; Antiseptic DUKE1992B ; Antisinusitic MAR ; Antispastic MAR ; Antiviral M29 ; Antiwrinkle MAR ; Cancer-Preventive 525 ; Carcinogenic DUKE1992B ; CNS-Depressant M29 ; Emetic M29 ; Fungicide M29 ; Hemolytic 5,400 ppm MAR ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Rodenticide LD50=1,040 cut rat AFR27:165 ; Vasodilator DUKE1992B
PIMARIC-ACID Resin, Exudate, Sap: CRC
No activity reported.
SANDARACOPIMARIC-ACID Plant: DUKE1992A
Juvabional 382 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B
TOLUENE Plant: TAR CRC
Encephalopathic M29
TRANS-COMMUNIC-ACID Plant: JSG
No activity reported.
WATER Resin, Exudate, Sap 20,000 ppm; CRC
No activity reported.
XYLENE Plant: TAR CRC
No activity reported.
The source of the experience
Dr Dukes plant databaseConcepts, symbols and science items
Concepts
Symbols
Science Items
Activities and commonsteps
Commonsteps
References
382: Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
438: Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
505: Jim Duke's personal files.
525: Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
AFR27:165: Jim Duke's personal files
ARC: Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Note: Most ARC numerical data were in mg/dl. I know of no other plant where zinc is more prevalent than other minerals and protein. These data should be viewed as suspect.
CAN: Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
CRC: CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
CWW: Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
DUKE1992A: Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.
DUKE1992B: Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of biologically active phytochemicals and their activities. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.
FRBM26:193: Alanko, J., et al. 1999. Modulation of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism by Phenols: Relation to their Structure and Antioxidant/Proooxidant Properties. Free Radical Biol Med, 26(1/2): 193-201.
FT59:465: Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
FT63(1):3: Jim Duke's personal files
GEO: Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
HH2: Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
HHB: List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
JA6(4):33: Jim Duke's personal files.
JAF45:3276: Jim Duke's personal files
JBH: Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
JE26:79: Jim Duke's personal files
JNP39:420: Farnsworth, N.R. and Cordell, G.A. A Review of Some Biologically Active Compounds Isolated From Plants as Reported in the 1974-1975 Literature. J. Nat. Prod. 39: 420, 1976.
JNP39:436: Jim Duke's personal files
JSG: J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
LAF: Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
LAF337: Jim Duke's personal files
LRNP:JUL'96: Jim Duke's personal files
M&R: Mitchell, J. and Rook, A.J. 1923. Botanical Dermatology: plants and plant products injurious to the skin. Vancouver: Greengrass, 1979. xiii, 787 p.: ill.
M&R618: Jim Duke's personal files
M29: Martindale's 29th
MAR: Martindale's 28th
MED: Medline (post 1990 searches filed in my computer)
RIN: Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
SZ44:183: Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
TAR: Jim Duke's personal files
TOX: Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
VAL: Valnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books, New York. 279 pp.
X10408241: Jim Duke's personal files
X11559128: Jim Duke's personal files
X2364470: Jim Duke's personal files
ZEB: Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
ppm = parts per million
tr = trace